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Multi-condition information retrieval (IR) presents a significant, yet underexplored challenge for existing systems. This paper introduces MultiConIR, a benchmark specifically designed to evaluate retrieval and reranking models under…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Xuan Lu , Sifan Liu , Bochao Yin , Yongqi Li , Xinghao Chen , Hui Su , Yaohui Jin , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Tokenizer transplant in cross-vocabulary model composition reconstructs donor-only embedding rows as weighted combinations over shared lexical anchors and reuses those coefficients on the base. We identify a structural geometric property of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaoze Liu , Weichen Yu , Matt Fredrikson , Xiaoqian Wang , Jing Gao

Transformer-based masked language models such as BERT, trained on general corpora, have shown impressive performance on downstream tasks. It has also been demonstrated that the downstream task performance of such models can be improved by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Zhi Hong , Aswathy Ajith , Gregory Pauloski , Eamon Duede , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Despite of the superb performance on a wide range of tasks, pre-trained language models (e.g., BERT) have been proved vulnerable to adversarial texts. In this paper, we present RoChBERT, a framework to build more Robust BERT-based models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Zihan Zhang , Jinfeng Li , Ning Shi , Bo Yuan , Xiangyu Liu , Rong Zhang , Hui Xue , Donghong Sun , Chao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are very costly and inefficient to update with new information. To address this limitation, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been proposed as a solution that dynamically incorporates external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Sezen Perçin , Xin Su , Qutub Sha Syed , Phillip Howard , Aleksei Kuvshinov , Leo Schwinn , Kay-Ulrich Scholl

Symbolic regression aims to recover closed-form expressions from numerical data, but in differentiable symbolic regression the recovered expression depends not only on the grammar but also on the fixed architecture through which variables…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Chakshu Gupta , Theodore J. LaGrow

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve high performance on standard mathematical benchmarks, their problem-solving abilities depend on the context and textual formatting. We introduce the Robust Reasoning Benchmark (RRB), a pipeline of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Pavel Golikov , Evgenii Opryshko , Gennady Pekhimenko , Mark C. Jeffrey

Text embeddings from PLM-based models enable a wide range of applications, yet their performance often degrades on longer texts. In this paper, we introduce a phenomenon we call Length Collapse, where embeddings of longer texts tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Zhanshuo Cao , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

What happens when a storyteller forgets its own story? Large Language Models (LLMs) can now generate narratives spanning tens of thousands of words, but they often fail to maintain consistency throughout. When generating long-form…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Junjie Li , Xinrui Guo , Yuhao Wu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Hongzhi Li , Yutao Xie

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances LLMs with external knowledge, yet generation remains vulnerable to retrieval-induced noise and uncertain placement of relevant chunks, often causing hallucinations. We present Ext2Gen, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hwanjun Song , Jeonghwan Choi , Minseok Kim

Expressing natural language descriptions of structured facts or relations -- data-to-text generation (D2T) -- increases the accessibility of structured knowledge repositories. Previous work shows that pre-trained language models(PLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Moniba Keymanesh , Adrian Benton , Mark Dredze

In this study, we reproduced the work done in the paper "XRec: Large Language Models for Explainable Recommendation" by Ma et al. (2024). The original authors introduced XRec, a model-agnostic collaborative instruction-tuning framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ranjan Mishra , Julian I. Bibo , Quinten van Engelen , Henk Schaapman

Automated GUI testing frameworks such as Cypress and Playwright rely on locators to find and interact with web elements. A locator break occurs when a structural change in the application under test causes a locator to no longer find its…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Thiago Santos de Moura , Leon Adamietz , Samra Mehboob , Yannic Noller

A ranker plays an indispensable role in the de facto 'retrieval & rerank' pipeline, but its training still lags behind -- learning from moderate negatives or/and serving as an auxiliary module for a retriever. In this work, we first…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Yucheng Zhou , Tao Shen , Xiubo Geng , Chongyang Tao , Can Xu , Guodong Long , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang

Consistency and duplicability in Computed Tomography (CT) output is essential to quantitative imaging for lung cancer detection and monitoring. This study of CT-detected lung nodules investigated the reproducibility of volume-, density-,…

A number of studies have shown that increasing the depth or width of convolutional networks is a rewarding approach to improve the performance of image recognition. In our study, however, we observed difficulties along both directions. On…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Xingcheng Zhang , Zhizhong Li , Chen Change Loy , Dahua Lin

Many reinforcement learning (RL) agents require a large amount of experience to solve tasks. We propose Contrastive BERT for RL (CoBERL), an agent that combines a new contrastive loss and a hybrid LSTM-transformer architecture to tackle the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Andrea Banino , Adrià Puidomenech Badia , Jacob Walker , Tim Scholtes , Jovana Mitrovic , Charles Blundell

Large Language Models (LLMs) have benefited enormously from scaling, yet these gains are bounded by five fundamental limitations: (1) hallucination, (2) context compression, (3) reasoning degradation, (4) retrieval fragility, and (5)…

Concerns about reproducibility in artificial intelligence (AI) have emerged, as researchers have reported unsuccessful attempts to directly reproduce published findings in the field. Replicability, the ability to affirm a finding using the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Kehinde Ajayi , Muntabir Hasan Choudhury , Sarah Rajtmajer , Jian Wu

This paper reports on an effort of reproducing the organizers' baseline as well as the top performing participant submission at the 2021 edition of the TREC Conversational Assistance track. TREC systems are commonly regarded as reference…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Weronika Lajewska , Krisztian Balog