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Despite advances in embodied AI, agent reasoning systems still struggle to capture the fundamental conceptual structures that humans naturally use to understand and interact with their environment. To address this, we propose a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-01 François Olivier , Zied Bouraoui

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated the ability to learn and leverage Internet-scale knowledge through pre-training with autoregressive models. Unfortunately, applying such models to settings with embodied…

Human reasoning relies on constructing and manipulating mental models -- simplified internal representations of situations used to understand and solve problems. Conceptual diagrams (e.g., a sketch drawn to aid reasoning) externalize these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Roei Herzig , Eduard Oks , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Automating operations research (OR) with large language models (LLMs) remains limited by hand-crafted reasoning--execution workflows. Complex OR tasks require adaptive coordination among problem interpretation, mathematical formulation,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiahao Huang , Peilan Xu , Xiaoya Nan , Wenjian Luo

Building robots that can perceive, reason, and act in dynamic, unstructured environments remains a core challenge. Recent embodied systems often adopt a dual-system paradigm, where System 2 handles high-level reasoning while System 1…

The realization of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) necessitates Embodied AI agents capable of robust spatial perception, effective task planning, and adaptive execution in physical environments. However, current large language models…

Reasoning-oriented large language models (RLMs) achieve strong gains on tasks such as mathematics and coding by generating explicit intermediate reasoning. However, their impact on machine translation (MT) remains underexplored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sara Rajaee , Sebastian Vincent , Alexandre Berard , Marzieh Fadaee , Kelly Marchisio , Tom Kocmi

While researchers have made significant progress in enabling large language models (LLMs) to perform multi-step planning, LLMs struggle to ensure that those plans align with high-level user intent and satisfy symbolic constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kamel Alrashedy , Vriksha Srihari , Zulfiqar Zaidi , Ridam Srivastava , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Matthew Gombolay

Embodied agents often struggle with efficient navigation because they rely primarily on partial egocentric observations, which restrict global foresight and lead to inefficient exploration. In contrast, humans plan using maps: we reason…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Yuzhuo Ao , Anbang Wang , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit advanced reasoning ability, conventional alignment remains largely dominated by outcome reward models (ORMs) that judge only final answers. Process Reward Models(PRMs) address this gap by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Congmin Zheng , Jiachen Zhu , Zhuoying Ou , Yuxiang Chen , Kangning Zhang , Rong Shan , Zeyu Zheng , Mengyue Yang , Jianghao Lin , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong zero-shot reasoning capabilities, their deployment as embodied agents still faces fundamental challenges in long-horizon planning. Unlike open-ended text generation, embodied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiang Li , Ning Yan , Masood Mortazavi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive world knowledge across a wide range of tasks, making them promising candidates for embodied reasoning applications. However, existing benchmarks primarily evaluate the embodied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Haotian Xue , Yunhao Ge , Yu Zeng , Zhaoshuo Li , Ming-Yu Liu , Yongxin Chen , Jiaojiao Fan

Language is a medium for communication of our thoughts. Natural language is too wide to conceive and formulate the thoughts and ideas in a precise way. As science and technology grows, the necessity of languages arouses through which the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Poornima. U. S. , Suma. V

World Action Models (WAMs) enhance Vision-Language-Action policies by jointly predicting scene evolution and robot actions, but existing methods usually represent the predicted world as holistic images, video tokens, or global latents.…

Vision-language navigation requires agents to reason and act under constraints of embodiment. While vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate strong generalization, current benchmarks provide limited understanding of how embodiment -- i.e.,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Tin Stribor Sohn , Maximilian Dillitzer , Jason J. Corso , Eric Sax

Robot manipulation relies on accurately predicting contact points and end-effector directions to ensure successful operation. However, learning-based robot manipulation, trained on a limited category within a simulator, often struggles to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Xiaoqi Li , Mingxu Zhang , Yiran Geng , Haoran Geng , Yuxing Long , Yan Shen , Renrui Zhang , Jiaming Liu , Hao Dong

Achieving human-like reasoning in deep learning models for complex tasks in unknown environments remains a critical challenge in embodied intelligence. While advanced vision-language models (VLMs) excel in static scene understanding, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinzhou Tang , Jusheng zhang , Sidi Liu , Waikit Xiu , Qinhan Lv , Xiying Li

Recent studies have discovered that Chain-of-Thought prompting (CoT) can dramatically improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly when dealing with complex tasks involving mathematics or reasoning. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Guhao Feng , Bohang Zhang , Yuntian Gu , Haotian Ye , Di He , Liwei Wang

There has been a significant research interest in employing large language models to empower intelligent robots with complex reasoning. Existing work focuses on harnessing their abilities to reason about the histories of their actions and…

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang
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