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To increase performance and efficiency, systems use FPGAs as reconfigurable accelerators. A key challenge in designing these systems is partitioning computation between processors and an FPGA. An appropriate division of labor may be…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Endri Bezati , Mahyar Emami , Jörn Janneck , James Larus

LLM serving is increasingly multi-tenant: the same deployment must handle latency-critical interactive requests and more relaxed background workloads under a fixed GPU budget. This creates a tiered-SLO setting where maximizing overall…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vikranth Srivatsa , Zijian He , Pu Guo , Dongming Li , Yiying Zhang

We introduce Delayed Streams Modeling (DSM), a flexible formulation for streaming, multimodal sequence-to-sequence learning. Sequence-to-sequence generation is often cast in an offline manner, where the model consumes the complete input…

Existing LLM serving strategies can be categorized based on whether prefill and decode phases are disaggregated: non-disaggregated (NoDG) or fully disaggregated (FuDG). However, the NoDG strategy leads to strong prefill-decode interference…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Jiangsu Du , Hongbin Zhang , Taosheng Wei , Zhenyi Zheng , Kaiyi Wu , Zhiguang Chen , Yutong Lu

Offline LLM inference seeks to maximize request processing under fixed budgets, making commodity GPU servers a promising choice. However, prior work typically considers offloading and parallelism in isolation, resulting in suboptimal…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hongbin Zhang , Taosheng Wei , Jiazhi Jiang , Hui Yan , Jiangsu Du , Zhiguang Chen

Applications in emerging domains such as XR are being built as compound inference systems, where multiple ML models are composed in the form of a task graph to service each request. Serving these compound systems efficiently raises two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Sriram Devata , Rahul Singh , Sarita Adve

Heterogeneous device-edge-cloud computing infrastructures have become widely adopted in telecommunication operators and Wide Area Networks (WANs), offering multi-tier computational support for emerging intelligent services. With the rapid…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhiyuan Wu , Sheng Sun , Yuwei Wang , Min Liu , Bo Gao , Jinda Lu , Zheming Yang , Tian Wen

Disaggregating the prefill and decoding phases represents an effective new paradigm for generative inference of large language models (LLM), which eliminates prefill-decoding interference and optimizes resource allocation. However, it is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Youhe Jiang , Ran Yan , Binhang Yuan

Serverless computing has grown rapidly for serving Large Language Model (LLM) inference due to its pay-as-you-go pricing, fine-grained GPU usage, and rapid scaling. However, our analysis reveals that current serverless can effectively serve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yifan Sui , Hao Wang , Hanfei Yu , Yitao Hu , Jianxun Li , Hao Wang

Speculative decoding and dynamic sparse attention are two complementary approaches for accelerating long-context LLM inference: the former amortizes target-model execution across multiple verifier queries, while the latter reduces each…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhibin Wang , Ziyu Zhong , Nuo Shen , Yuhang Zhou , Rong Gu , Sheng Zhong

In large-scale LLM pre-training systems with 100k+ GPUs, failures become the norm rather than the exception, and restart costs can dominate wall-clock training time. However, existing fault-tolerance mechanisms are largely unprepared for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jin Lee , Zhonghao Chen , Xuhang He , Robert Underwood , Bogdan Nicolae , Franck Cappello , Xiaoyi Lu , Sheng Di , Zheng Zhang

Nowadays, service providers often deploy multiple types of LLM services within shared clusters. While the service colocation improves resource utilization, it introduces significant interference risks for latency-sensitive (LS)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zizhao Mo , Junlin Chen , Huanle Xu , Chengzhong Xu

As the landscape of deep neural networks evolves, heterogeneous dataflow accelerators, in the form of multi-core architectures or chiplet-based designs, promise more flexibility and higher inference performance through scalability. So far,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Arne Symons , Linyan Mei , Steven Colleman , Pouya Houshmand , Sebastian Karl , Marian Verhelst

LLM-based applications have been widely used in various industries, but with the increasing of models size, an efficient large language model (LLM) inference system is an urgent problem to be solved for service providers. Since the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xing Chen , Rong Shi , Lu Zhao , Lingbin Wang , Xiao Jin , Yueqiang Chen , Hongfeng Sun

Monolithic serving with chunked prefill improves GPU utilization by batching prefill and decode together, but suffers from fine-grained phase interference. Engine-level prefill-decode (PD) disaggregation avoids interference but incurs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xiaoxiang Shi , Colin Cai , Junjia Du , Zhihao Jia

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

The proliferation of 100B+ parameter Large Language Models (LLMs) with 100k+ context length support have resulted in increasing demands for on-chip memory to support large KV caches. Techniques such as StreamingLLM and SnapKV demonstrate…

Predictive queries over spatiotemporal (ST) stream data pose significant data processing and analysis challenges. ST data streams involve a set of time series whose data distributions may vary in space and time, exhibiting multiple distinct…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-03 Anderson Chaves , Eduardo Ogasawara , Patrick Valduriez , Fabio Porto

Large language model (LLM) inference often suffers from high decoding latency and limited scalability across heterogeneous edge-cloud environments. Existing speculative decoding (SD) techniques accelerate token generation but remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Fengze Yu , Leshu Li , Brad McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang

Speculative decoding is a pivotal technique to accelerate the inference of large language models (LLMs) by employing a smaller draft model to predict the target model's outputs. However, its efficacy can be limited due to the low predictive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xiaoxuan Liu , Lanxiang Hu , Peter Bailis , Alvin Cheung , Zhijie Deng , Ion Stoica , Hao Zhang