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There is widespread optimism that frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-augmented systems have the potential to rapidly accelerate scientific discovery across disciplines. Today, many benchmarks exist to measure LLM knowledge and…

AI agents hold the potential to revolutionize scientific productivity by automating literature reviews, replicating experiments, analyzing data, and even proposing new directions of inquiry; indeed, there are now many such agents, ranging…

AI agents could accelerate scientific discovery by automating hypothesis formation, experiment design, coding, execution, and analysis, yet existing benchmarks probe narrow skills in simplified settings. To address this gap, we introduce…

Recent advances in large language models have enabled the emergence of AI scientists that aim to autonomously analyze biological data and assist scientific discovery. Despite rapid progress, it remains unclear to what extent these systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Erpai Luo , Jinmeng Jia , Yifan Xiong , Xiangyu Li , Xiaobo Guo , Baoqi Yu , Minsheng Hao , Lei Wei , Xuegong Zhang

AI agents have the potential to aid users on a variety of consequential tasks, including conducting scientific research. To spur the development of useful agents, we need benchmarks that are challenging, but more crucially, directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zachary S. Siegel , Sayash Kapoor , Nitya Nagdir , Benedikt Stroebl , Arvind Narayanan

The advancements of large language models (LLMs) have piqued growing interest in developing LLM-based language agents to automate scientific discovery end-to-end, which has sparked both excitement and skepticism about their true…

The literature has witnessed an emerging interest in AI agents for automated assessment of scientific papers. Existing benchmarks focus primarily on the computational aspect of this task, testing agents' ability to reproduce or replicate…

The rapid growth of AI agent ecosystems is transforming how complex tasks are delegated and executed, creating a new challenge of identifying suitable agents for a given task. Unlike traditional tools, agent capabilities are often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Bin Wu , Arastun Mammadli , Xiaoyu Zhang , Emine Yilmaz

Language model agents are increasingly used to automate scientific research, yet evaluating their scientific contributions remains a challenge. A key mechanism to obtain such insights is through ablation experiments. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Talor Abramovich , Gal Chechik

We introduce MLRC-Bench, a benchmark designed to quantify how effectively language agents can tackle challenging Machine Learning (ML) Research Competitions, with a focus on open research problems that demand novel methodologies. Unlike…

Autonomous scientific research is significantly advanced thanks to the development of AI agents. One key step in this process is finding the right scientific literature, whether to explore existing knowledge for a research problem, or to…

Automating AI research holds immense potential for accelerating scientific progress, yet current AI agents struggle with the complexities of rigorous, end-to-end experimentation. We introduce EXP-Bench, a novel benchmark designed to…

The rapid adoption of large language models in AI-powered language education has created an urgent need for evaluations that assess pedagogical effectiveness, particularly in language learning--one of the most common LLM use cases (Tamkin…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-25 James Edgell , Wm. Matthew Kennedy , Isaac Pattis , Ben Knight , Danielle Carvalho , Elizabeth Wonnacott

Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents show great promise in accelerating scientific research. Existing benchmarks for measuring this potential and guiding future development continue to evolve from pure recall and rote knowledge…

As AI-driven document understanding and processing tools become increasingly prevalent in real-world applications, the need for rigorous evaluation standards has grown increasingly urgent. Existing benchmarks and evaluations often focus on…

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long-horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier…

Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Keyu Li , Junhao Shi , Yang Xiao , Mohan Jiang , Jie Sun , Yunze Wu , Dayuan Fu , Shijie Xia , Xiaojie Cai , Tianze Xu , Weiye Si , Wenjie Li , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

Spatial transcriptomics assays are rapidly increasing in scale and complexity, making computational analysis a major bottleneck in biological discovery. Although frontier AI agents have improved dramatically at software engineering and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kenny Workman , Zhen Yang , Harihara Muralidharan , Hannah Le

Modern AI progress has been driven by ML methods that are generalizable across settings and scalable to larger regimes. As large language models demonstrate advanced capabilities in reasoning, coding, and engineering tasks, it is…

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