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Related papers: Task-Aware LLM Routing with Multi-Level Task-Profi…

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Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) enables parameter efficient specialization of large language models (LLMs) through modular adapters, resulting in rapidly growing public adapter pools spanning diverse tasks. Effectively using these adapters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Akash Dhasade , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Igor Pavlovic , Diana Petrescu , Rafael Pires , Mathis Randl , Martijn de Vos

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) with varying computational costs and performance profiles presents a critical challenge for scalable, cost-effective deployment in real-world applications. We introduce a unified routing…

While general-purpose large language models (LLMs) demonstrate proficiency on multiple tasks within the domain of translation, approaches based on open LLMs are competitive only when specializing on a single task. In this paper, we propose…

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications is increasingly limited by their high inference cost. While recent advances in dynamic token-level computation allocation attempt to improve efficiency by selectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Chao Han , Yijuan Liang , Zihao Xuan , Daokuan Wu , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Large Language Model (LLM)-based systems, i.e. interconnected elements that include an LLM as a central component, such as conversational agents, are usually designed with monolithic, static architectures that rely on a single,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Clovis Varangot-Reille , Christophe Bouvard , Antoine Gourru , Mathieu Ciancone , Marion Schaeffer , François Jacquenet

Increasing demand for Large Language Models (LLMs) services imposes substantial deployment and computation costs on providers. LLM routing offers a cost-efficient solution by directing queries to the optimal LLM based on model and query…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Fangzhou Wu , Sandeep Silwal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have experienced widespread adoption across scientific and industrial domains due to their versatility and utility for diverse tasks. Nevertheless, deploying and serving these models at scale with optimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Josef Pichlmeier , Philipp Ross , Andre Luckow

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly improves the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, varying response quality across LLMs under RAG necessitates intelligent routing mechanisms,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiarui Zhang , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

With the rapid growth of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various domains, numerous new LLMs have emerged, each possessing domain-specific expertise. This proliferation has highlighted the need for quick, high-quality, and cost-effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Dimitris Stripelis , Zijian Hu , Jipeng Zhang , Zhaozhuo Xu , Alay Dilipbhai Shah , Han Jin , Yuhang Yao , Salman Avestimehr , Chaoyang He

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit potential artificial generic intelligence recently, however, their usage is costly with high response latency. Given mixed LLMs with their own strengths and weaknesses, LLM routing aims to identify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Xinyuan Wang , Yanchi Liu , Wei Cheng , Xujiang Zhao , Zhengzhang Chen , Wenchao Yu , Yanjie Fu , Haifeng Chen

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown strong potential in complex reasoning and collaborative decision-making tasks. However, most existing coordination schemes rely on static or full-context routing strategies, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jun Liu , Zhenglun Kong , Changdi Yang , Fan Yang , Tianqi Li , Peiyan Dong , Joannah Nanjekye , Hao Tang , Geng Yuan , Wei Niu , Wenbin Zhang , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin , Dong Huang , Yanzhi Wang

Urban transportation systems encounter diverse challenges across multiple tasks, such as traffic forecasting, electric vehicle (EV) charging demand prediction, and taxi dispatch. Existing approaches suffer from two key limitations:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jiaming Leng , Yunying Bi , Chuan Qin , Bing Yin , Yanyong Zhang , Chao Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with continual learning, often suffering from catastrophic forgetting when adapting to sequential tasks. We introduce a routing-based architecture that integrates new capabilities while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jay Mohta , Kenan Emir Ak , Gwang Lee , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Yan Xu , Mingwei Shen

There is a rapidly growing number of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) and benchmark datasets to compare them. While some models dominate these benchmarks, no single model typically achieves the best accuracy in all tasks and use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Tal Shnitzer , Anthony Ou , Mírian Silva , Kate Soule , Yuekai Sun , Justin Solomon , Neil Thompson , Mikhail Yurochkin

LLM routing is increasingly important for selecting suitable models under diverse user needs and deployment constraints, but its practical effectiveness depends on continual adaptation to emerging queries and newly released models. New-LLM…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jingjun Xu , Hongji Pu , Tao Feng , Haozhen Zhang , Jiaxuan You , Ge Liu

With the rapid growth in the number of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been a recent interest in LLM routing, or directing queries to the cheapest LLM that can deliver a suitable response. We conduct a minimax analysis of the…

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a fragmented and inefficient ecosystem, a state of ``model lock-in'' where seamlessly integrating novel models remains a significant bottleneck. Current routing frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Cheng Yan , Wuyang Zhang , Zhiyuan Ning , Fan Xu , Ziyang Tao , Lu Zhang , Bing Yin , Yanyong Zhang

The rapid advancement of large language models has unlocked remarkable capabilities across a diverse array of natural language processing tasks. However, the considerable differences among available LLMs-in terms of cost, performance, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yifan Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Zuxin Wang , Guanjie Cheng , Yueshen Xu , Shuiguang Deng , Jianwei Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as autonomous agents for multi-step tasks. However, most existing frameworks fail to maintain a structured understanding of the task state, often relying on linear prompt concatenation or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ye Ye

Traditional robot task planning methods face challenges when dealing with highly unstructured environments and complex tasks. We propose a task planning method that combines human expertise with an LLM and have designed an LLM prompt…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Yue Zhen , Sheng Bi , Lu Xing-tong , Pan Wei-qin , Shi Hai-peng , Chen Zi-rui , Fang Yi-shu