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Empathy is a vital factor that contributes to mutual understanding, and joint problem-solving. In recent years, a growing number of studies have recognized the benefits of empathy and started to incorporate empathy in conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Aravind Sesagiri Raamkumar , Yinping Yang

Social media platforms provide a continuous stream of real-time news regarding crisis events on a global scale. Several machine learning methods utilize the crowd-sourced data for the automated detection of crises and the characterization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Angelie Kraft , Ricardo Usbeck

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as interactive agents, open-ended human-AI interactions can involve deceptive behaviors with serious real-world consequences, yet existing evaluations remain largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yichen Wu , Qianqian Gao , Xudong Pan , Geng Hong , Min Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially complex, interaction-driven tasks, yet their ability to mirror human behavior in emotionally and strategically complex contexts remains underexplored. This study assesses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Deuksin Kwon , Kaleen Shrestha , Bin Han , Elena Hayoung Lee , Gale Lucas

The emergence of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) has advanced the field of dialogue systems, enabling both realistic user simulations and robust multi-turn conversational agents. However, existing research often evaluates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Chalamalasetti Kranti , Sherzod Hakimov , David Schlangen

Emotional support is a crucial skill for many real-world scenarios, including caring for the elderly, mental health support, and customer service chats. This paper presents a novel task of empathetic dialog generation with positive emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Shihang Wang , Xinchao Xu , Wenquan Wu , Zheng-Yu Niu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled human-like responses across various tasks, raising questions about their ethical decision-making capabilities and potential biases. This study systematically evaluates how nine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Wentao Xu , Yile Yan , Yuqi Zhu

In multi-modal dialogue systems, it is important to allow the use of images as part of a multi-turn conversation. Training such dialogue systems generally requires a large-scale dataset consisting of multi-turn dialogues that involve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Nyoungwoo Lee , Suwon Shin , Jaegul Choo , Ho-Jin Choi , Sung-Hyun Myaeng

Empathetic conversation is a crucial characteristic in daily conversations between individuals. Nowadays, Large Language models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance in generating empathetic responses. Knowledge bases like COMET can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Huiying Cao , Yiqun Zhang , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang

Turn-taking modeling is fundamental to spoken dialogue systems, yet its evaluation remains fragmented and often limited to binary boundary detection under narrow interaction settings. Such protocols hinder systematic comparison and obscure…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Huan Shen , Yingao Wang , Shangkun Huang , Wei Zou , Yunzhang Chen

Several high-profile events, such as the mass testing of emotion recognition systems on vulnerable sub-populations and using question answering systems to make moral judgments, have highlighted how technology will often lead to more adverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Saif M. Mohammad

We show how to assess a language model's knowledge of basic concepts of morality. We introduce the ETHICS dataset, a new benchmark that spans concepts in justice, well-being, duties, virtues, and commonsense morality. Models predict…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Dan Hendrycks , Collin Burns , Steven Basart , Andrew Critch , Jerry Li , Dawn Song , Jacob Steinhardt

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in high-stakes domains such as finance, healthcare, and education, where reliable multi-turn interactions with users are essential. However, existing work on confidence estimation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhaohan Zhang , Chengzhengxu Li , Xiaoming Liu , Chao Shen , Ziquan Liu , Ioannis Patras

AI-driven models are increasingly deployed in operational analytics solutions, for instance, in investigative journalism or the intelligence community. Current approaches face two primary challenges: ethical and privacy concerns, as well as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Maximilian T. Fischer , Yannick Metz , Lucas Joos , Matthias Miller , Daniel A. Keim

An ethical value-action gap exists when there is a discrepancy between intentions and actions. This discrepancy may be caused by social and structural obstacles as well as cognitive biases. Computational models of cognition and affect can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Catriona M. Kennedy

This study focuses on emotion-sensitive spoken dialogue in human-machine speech interaction. With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), dialogue systems can handle multimodal data, including audio. Recent models have enhanced the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Hongfei Xue , Yuhao Liang , Bingshen Mu , Shiliang Zhang , Mengzhe Chen , Qian Chen , Lei Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in reasoning, yet sometimes produce responses that are suboptimal for users in tasks such as writing, information seeking, or providing practical guidance. Conventional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Siqi Zhu , David Zhang , Pedro Cisneros-Velarde , Jiaxuan You

Effective persuasive dialogue agents adapt their strategies to individual users, accounting for the evolution of their psychological states and intentions throughout conversations. We present a personality-aware reinforcement learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Donghuo Zeng , Roberto Legaspi , Kazushi Ikeda

Bottom-up responsible innovation initiatives seek to empower technology development teams to engage in ethical reflection, yet such interventions frequently fail to achieve practitioner engagement. Why do some ethics interventions succeed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Benjamin Lange , Geoff Keeling , Kyle Pedersen , Carmen Heringer , Susan B. Rubin , Ben Zevenbergen , Amanda McCroskery

Existing benchmarks that assess Language Models (LMs) as Language Agents (LAs) for tool use primarily focus on stateless, single-turn interactions or partial evaluations, such as tool selection in a single turn, overlooking the inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Hongru Wang , Wenyu Huang , Yufei Wang , Yuanhao Xi , Jianqiao Lu , Huan Zhang , Nan Hu , Zeming Liu , Jeff Z. Pan , Kam-Fai Wong