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In contrast to dyadic interactions, higher-order interactions may contain one another, with subgroups naturally embedded within larger groups. These containment patterns arise empirically in ecology, sociology, computer science and the…

Compound graphs are networks in which vertices can be grouped into larger subsets, with these subsets capable of further grouping, resulting in a nesting that can be many levels deep. In several applications, including biological workflows,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Chang Han , Justin Lieffers , Clayton Morrison , Katherine E. Isaacs

Higher-order interactions provide a nuanced understanding of the relational structure of complex systems beyond traditional pairwise interactions. However, higher-order network analyses also incur more cumbersome interpretations and greater…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-07 Alec Kirkley , Helcio Felippe , Federico Battiston

Understanding and predicting mobility dynamics in transportation networks is critical for infrastructure planning, resilience analysis, and traffic management. Traditional graph-based models typically assume memoryless movement, limiting…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Chen Zhang , Jürgen Hackl

Complex systems often exhibit highly structured network topologies that reflect functional constraints. In this work, we investigate how, under varying combinations of system-wide selection rules and special agents, different classes of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-06-02 Amalia Puente , Diego Radillo-Ochoa , C. A. Terrero-Escalante

The absence of a well-defined Fermi surface in flat-band systems challenges the conventional understanding of instabilities toward Landau order based on nesting. We investigate the existence of an intrinsic nesting structure encoded in the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-06 Jia-Xin Zhang , Wen O. Wang , Leon Balents , Lucile Savary

We start from two closure operators defined on the elements of a special kind of partially ordered sets, called causal nets. Causal nets are used to model histories of concurrent processes, recording occurrences of local states and of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Luca Bernardinello , Carlo Ferigato , Lucia Pomello

Over the past decade, a number of quantum processes have been proposed which are logically consistent, yet feature a cyclic causal structure. However, there is no general formal method to construct a process with an exotic causal structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Augustin Vanrietvelde , Nick Ormrod , Hlér Kristjánsson , Jonathan Barrett

In order to support students in the development of expertise in quantum mechanics, we asked which concepts and structures can act as organizing principles of the non-relativistic theory. The research question has been addressed in a…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-01-03 Giacomo Zuccarini

Network data has become widespread, larger, and more complex over the years. Traditional network data is dyadic, capturing the relations among pairs of entities. With the need to model interactions among more than two entities, significant…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Hao Tian , Reza Zafarani

The intrinsic connection between lattice theory and topology is fairly well established, For instance, the collection of open subsets of a topological subspace always forms a distributive lattice. Persistent homology has been one of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-02-03 Primož Škraba , João Pita Costa

This paper studies \emph{Dirichlet arrangements}, a generalization of graphic hyperplane arrangements arising from electrical networks and order polytopes of finite posets. We generalize descriptions of combinatorial features of graphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Bob Lutz

Networks provide a powerful formalism for modeling complex systems by using a model of pairwise interactions. But much of the structure within these systems involves interactions that take place among more than two nodes at once; for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Austin R. Benson , Rediet Abebe , Michael T. Schaub , Ali Jadbabaie , Jon Kleinberg

There is a well-known bijection between parking functions of a fixed length and maximal chains of the noncrossing partition lattice which we can use to associate to each set of parking functions a poset whose Hasse diagram is the union of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-01 Melody Bruce , Michael Dougherty , Max Hlavacek , Ryo Kudo , Ian Nicolas

For two causal structures with the same set of visible variables, one is said to observationally dominate the other if the set of distributions over the visible variables realizable by the first contains the set of distributions over the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-24 Marina Maciel Ansanelli , Elie Wolfe , Robert W. Spekkens

Communication in a network generally takes place through a sequence of intermediate nodes connected by communication channels. In the standard theory of communication, it is assumed that the communication network is embedded in a classical…

In this paper we give an algorithm to determine, for any given suborder closed class of series-parallel posets, a structure theorem for the class. We refer to these structure theorems as structural descriptions.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-18 Christian Joseph Altomare

One of the common obstacles for learning causal models from data is that high-order conditional independence (CI) relationships between random variables are difficult to estimate. Since CI tests with conditioning sets of low order can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Network-based modeling of complex systems and data using the language of graphs has become an essential topic across a range of different disciplines. Arguably, this graph-based perspective derives its success from the relative simplicity…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Christian Bick , Elizabeth Gross , Heather A. Harrington , Michael T. Schaub

Many real-world phenomena are naturally modeled by graphs and networks. However, classical graph models are often limited to pairwise interactions and may not adequately capture the richer structures that arise in practice. Higher-order…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Takaaki Fujita , Florentin Smarandache