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Visual Language Models (VLMs) are essential for various tasks, particularly visual reasoning tasks, due to their robust multi-modal information integration, visual reasoning capabilities, and contextual awareness. However, existing \VLMs{}'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Zaiqiao Meng , Hao Zhou , Yifang Chen

This paper presents VideoLoom, a unified Video Large Language Model (Video LLM) for joint spatial-temporal understanding. To facilitate the development of fine-grained spatial and temporal localization capabilities, we curate LoomData-8.7k,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jiapeng Shi , Junke Wang , Zuyao You , Bo He , Zuxuan Wu

We explore the application of large language models (LLMs) to empower domain experts in integrating large, heterogeneous, and noisy urban spatial datasets. Traditional rule-based integration methods are unable to cover all edge cases,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Bin Han , Robert Wolfe , Anat Caspi , Bill Howe

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in scene understanding and perception tasks, enabling robots to plan and execute actions adaptively in dynamic environments. However, most multimodal large language models lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Guoqin Tang , Qingxuan Jia , Zeyuan Huang , Gang Chen , Ning Ji , Zhipeng Yao

The goal of achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is to imitate humans and surpass them. Models such as OpenAI's o1, o3, and DeepSeek's R1 have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) with human-like reasoning capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yansheng Qiu , Li Xiao , Zhaopan Xu , Pengfei Zhou , Zheng Wang , Kaipeng Zhang

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Akshar Tumu , Parisa Kordjamshidi

We present a conceptual framework for training Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to perform Visual Perspective Taking (VPT), a core capability for embodied cognition essential for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). As a first step toward this goal,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Joel Currie , Gioele Migno , Enrico Piacenti , Maria Elena Giannaccini , Patric Bach , Davide De Tommaso , Agnieszka Wykowska

Spatial reasoning is a key aspect of cognitive psychology and remains a bottleneck for current vision-language models (VLMs). While extensive research has aimed to evaluate or improve VLMs' understanding of basic spatial relations, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mengdi Jia , Zekun Qi , Shaochen Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Xinqiang Yu , Jiawei He , He Wang , Li Yi

The ability to process information from multiple modalities and to reason through it step-by-step remains a critical challenge in advancing artificial intelligence. However, existing reasoning benchmarks focus on text-only reasoning, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yulun Jiang , Yekun Chai , Maria Brbić , Michael Moor

Vision language models (VLMs) are an exciting emerging class of language models (LMs) that have merged classic LM capabilities with those of image processing systems. However, the ways that these capabilities combine are not always…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Qiucheng Wu , Handong Zhao , Michael Saxon , Trung Bui , William Yang Wang , Yang Zhang , Shiyu Chang

Real-world applications, such as autonomous driving and humanoid robot manipulation, require precise spatial perception. However, it remains underexplored how Vision-Language Models (VLMs) recognize spatial relationships and perceive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Fei Kong , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Zhenhua Guo , Xiaofeng Zhu , Xiaoshuang Shi

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made groundbreaking progress in embodied intelligence, they still face significant challenges in spatial reasoning for complex long-horizon tasks. To address this gap, we propose…

Computer-aided design (CAD) significantly enhances the efficiency, accuracy, and innovation of design processes by enabling precise 2D and 3D modeling, extensive analysis, and optimization. Existing methods for creating CAD models rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Siyu Wang , Cailian Chen , Xinyi Le , Qimin Xu , Lei Xu , Yanzhou Zhang , Jie Yang

Although Multimodal Large Language Models have achieved remarkable progress, they still struggle with complex 3D spatial reasoning due to the reliance on 2D visual priors. Existing approaches typically mitigate this limitation either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jiahua Chen , Qihong Tang , Weinong Wang , Qi Fan

Reasoning about fine-grained spatial relationships in warehouse-scale environments poses a significant challenge for existing vision-language models (VLMs), which often struggle to comprehend 3D layouts, object arrangements, and multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Vinh-Thuan Ly , Hoang M. Truong , Xuan-Huong Nguyen

Spatial reasoning ability is crucial for Vision Language Models (VLMs) to support real-world applications in diverse domains including robotics, augmented reality, and autonomous navigation. Unfortunately, existing benchmarks are inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xinmiao Huang , Qisong He , Zhenglin Huang , Boxuan Wang , Zhuoyun Li , Guangliang Cheng , Yi Dong , Xiaowei Huang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased their remarkable reasoning capabilities, making them influential across various fields. However, in robotics, their use has primarily been limited to manipulation planning tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Jinxuan Xu , Shiyu Jin , Yutian Lei , Yuqian Zhang , Liangjun Zhang

Current Large Language Models have achieved Olympiad-level logic, yet Vision-Language Models paradoxically falter on elementary spatial tasks like block counting. This capability mismatch reveals a critical ``spatial intelligence gap,''…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shaoxiong Zhan , Yanlin Lai , Zheng Liu , Hai Lin , Shen Li , Xiaodong Cai , Zijian Lin , Wen Huang , Hai-Tao Zheng

Robotic vision applications often necessitate a wide range of visual perception tasks, such as object detection, segmentation, and identification. While there have been substantial advances in these individual tasks, integrating specialized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Zijun Long , George Killick , Richard McCreadie , Gerardo Aragon Camarasa