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This study proposes a temporal modeling framework with a counterfactual policy-simulation layer for student dropout in higher education, using LMS engagement data and administrative withdrawal records. Dropout is operationalized as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rafael da Silva , Jeff Eicher , Gregory Longo

Student dropout in distance learning remains a critical challenge, with profound societal and economic consequences. While classical machine learning models leverage structured socio-demographic and behavioral data, they often fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Miloud Mihoubi , Meriem Zerkouk , Belkacem Chikhaoui

Timely prediction of students at high risk of dropout is critical for early intervention and improving educational outcomes. However, in offline educational settings, poor data quality, limited scale, and high heterogeneity often hinder the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jiabei Cheng , Zhen-Qun Yang , Jiannong Cao , Yu Yang , Xinzhe Zheng

When dealing with right-censored data, where some outcomes are missing due to a limited observation period, survival analysis -- known as time-to-event analysis -- focuses on predicting the time until an event of interest occurs. Multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-23 Julie Alberge , Vincent Maladière , Olivier Grisel , Judith Abécassis , Gaël Varoquaux

Large-scale administrative data is a common input in early warning systems for college dropout in higher education. Still, the terminology and methodology vary significantly across existing studies, and the implications of different…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Dominik Glandorf , Hye Rin Lee , Gabe Avakian Orona , Marina Pumptow , Renzhe Yu , Christian Fischer

STEM dropout rates remain high at universities, particularly in computer science programs with theory-intensive courses. Digital learning environments now capture rich behavioral data that could help identify struggling students early, yet…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jakob Schwerter , Loreen Sabel , Judith Bose , Matthew L. Bernacki , Di Xu , Marko Schmellenkamp , Thomas Zeume , Philipp Doebler

Early identification of college dropouts can provide tremendous value for improving student success and institutional effectiveness, and predictive analytics are increasingly used for this purpose. However, ethical concerns have emerged…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Renzhe Yu , Hansol Lee , René F. Kizilcec

Knowledge tracing and dropout prediction are crucial for online education to estimate students' knowledge states or to prevent dropout rates. While traditional systems interacting with students suffered from data sparsity and overfitting,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Jungbae Park , Jinyoung Kim , Soonwoo Kwon , Sang Wan Lee

The field of learning analytics needs to adopt a more rigorous approach for predictive model evaluation that matches the complex practice of model-building. In this work, we present a procedure to statistically test hypotheses about model…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-19 Josh Gardner , Christopher Brooks

Predictive models for student dropout, while often accurate, frequently rely on opportunistic feature sets and suffer from undocumented data leakage, limiting their explanatory power and institutional usefulness. This paper introduces a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-18 H. R. Paz

Survival analysis has become a standard approach for modelling time to default by time-varying covariates in credit risk. Unlike most existing methods that implicitly assume a stationary data-generating process, in practise, mortgage…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-29 Jianwei Peng , Stefan Lessmann

Online learning and MOOCs have become increasingly popular in recent years, and the trend will continue, given the technology boom. There is a dire need to observe learners' behavior in these online courses, similar to what instructors do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Aditya Panwar , Ashwin T S , Ramkumar Rajendran , Kavi Arya

Student dropout is a global issue influenced by personal, familial, and academic factors, with varying rates across countries. This paper introduces an AI-driven predictive modeling approach to identify students at risk of dropping out…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Ismail Elbouknify , Ismail Berrada , Loubna Mekouar , Youssef Iraqi , El Houcine Bergou , Hind Belhabib , Younes Nail , Souhail Wardi

The high level of attrition and low rate of certification in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has prompted a great deal of research. Prior researchers have focused on predicting dropout based upon behavioral features such as student…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Niki Gitinabard , Farzaneh Khoshnevisan , Collin F. Lynch , Elle Yuan Wang

The prediction of academic dropout, with the aim of preventing it, is one of the current challenges of higher education institutions. Machine learning techniques are a great ally in this task. However, attention is needed in the way that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Bruno de M. Barros , Hugo A. D. do Nascimento , Raphael Guedes , Sandro E. Monsueto

In order to obtain reliable accuracy estimates for automatic MOOC dropout predictors, it is important to train and test them in a manner consistent with how they will be used in practice. Yet most prior research on MOOC dropout prediction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Jacob Whitehill , Kiran Mohan , Daniel Seaton , Yigal Rosen , Dustin Tingley

Instructional alignment, the match between intended cognition and enacted activity, is central to effective instruction but hard to operationalize at scale. We examine alignment in cybersecurity simulations using multimodal traces from 23…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Conrad Borchers , Valdemar Švábenský , Sandesh K. Kafle , Kevin K. Tang , Jan Vykopal

Dropout is common in clinical studies, with up to half of patients leaving early due to side effects or other reasons. When dropout is informative (i.e., dependent on survival time), it introduces censoring bias, because of which treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuxin Wang , Dennis Frauen , Jonas Schweisthal , Maresa Schröder , Stefan Feuerriegel

Student dropout prediction is an indispensable for numerous intelligent systems to measure the education system and success rate of any university as well as throughout the university in the world. Therefore, it becomes essential to develop…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-05-16 Sweta Rai

In this work, the problem of predicting dropout risk in undergraduate studies is addressed from a perspective of algorithmic fairness. We develop a machine learning method to predict the risks of university dropout and underperformance. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Marzieh Karimi-Haghighi , Carlos Castillo , Davinia Hernandez-Leo , Veronica Moreno Oliver
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