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Accurate identification of unobservable regions in nighttime is essential for autonomous scheduling and data quality control in observations.Traditional methods-such as infrared sensing or photometric extinction-provide only…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-23 Jian Cui , Guo-Wang Du , Xin-Zhong Er , Chu-Xiang Li , Jun-Fan Hou , Yu-Xin Xin , Xiang-kun Liu , Xiao-Wei Liu

Significant uncertainty in climate prediction and cloud physics is tied to observational gaps relating to shallow scattered clouds. Addressing these challenges requires remote sensing of their three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous volumetric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Roi Ronen , Ilan Koren , Aviad Levis , Eshkol Eytan , Vadim Holodovsky , Yoav Y. Schechner

Seasonal forecasting remains challenging due to the inherent chaotic nature of atmospheric dynamics. This paper introduces DeepSeasons, a novel deep learning approach designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of seasonal forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 A. Navarra , G. G. Navarra

Object detection applied to LiDAR point clouds is a relevant task in robotics, and particularly in autonomous driving. Single frame methods, predominant in the field, exploit information from individual sensor scans. Recent approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Ernesto Lozano Calvo , Bernardo Taveira , Fredrik Kahl , Niklas Gustafsson , Jonathan Larsson , Adam Tonderski

Clouds have a significant impact on the Earth's climate system. They play a vital role in modulating Earth's radiation budget and driving regional changes in temperature and precipitation. This makes clouds ideal for climate intervention…

We present RadarGen, a diffusion model for synthesizing realistic automotive radar point clouds from multi-view camera imagery. RadarGen adapts efficient image-latent diffusion to the radar domain by representing radar measurements in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Tomer Borreda , Fangqiang Ding , Sanja Fidler , Shengyu Huang , Or Litany

Using 3D point clouds in odometry estimation in robotics often requires finding a set of correspondences between points in subsequent scans. While there are established methods for point clouds of sufficient quality, state-of-the-art still…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jan Michalczyk , Stephan Weiss , Jan Steinbrener

Clouds, especially low clouds, are crucial for regulating Earth's energy balance and mediating the response of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. Despite their importance for climate, they remain relatively…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Sheide Chammas , Qing Wang , Tapio Schneider , Matthias Ihme , Yi-fan Chen , John Anderson

We compare the statistical properties of J=1-0 13CO spectra observed in the Perseus Molecular Cloud with synthetic J=1-0 13CO spectra from a 5 pc model cloud. The synthetic spectra are computed solving the non-LTE radiative transfer problem…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo Padoan , John Bally , Youssef Billawala , Mika Juvela , AAke Nordlund

Weather conditions often disrupt the proper functioning of transportation systems. Present systems either deploy an array of sensors or use an in-vehicle camera to predict weather conditions. These solutions have resulted in incremental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Jose Carlos Villarreal Guerra , Zeba Khanam , Shoaib Ehsan , Rustam Stolkin , Klaus McDonald-Maier

Detecting water-surface targets for Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) is challenging due to wave clutter, specular reflections, and weak appearance cues in long-range observations. Although 4D millimeter-wave radar complements cameras under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuting Wan , Liguo Sun , Jiuwu Hao , Zao Zhang , Pin LV

Object parsing and segmentation from point clouds are challenging tasks because the relevant data is available only as thin structures along object boundaries or other features, and is corrupted by large amounts of noise. To handle this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Adrian Barbu

Cloud cover and nighttime conditions remain significant limitations in satellite-based remote sensing, often restricting the availability and usability of multi-spectral imagery. In contrast, Sentinel-1 radar images are unaffected by cloud…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Saleh Sakib Ahmed , Sara Nowreen , M. Sohel Rahman

A conditional random field (CRF) model for cloud detection in ground based sky images is presented. We show that very high cloud detection accuracy can be achieved by combining a discriminative classifier and a higher order clique potential…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-19 Vijai T. Jayadevan , Jeffrey J. Rodriguez , Alexander D. Cronin

LiDAR's dense, sharp point cloud (PC) representations of the surrounding environment enable accurate perception and significantly improve road safety by offering greater scene awareness and understanding. However, LiDAR's high cost…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 William Muckelroy , Mohammed Alsakabi , John Dolan , Ozan Tonguz

This paper addresses the task of estimating the 6 degrees of freedom pose of a known 3D object from depth information represented by a point cloud. Deep features learned by convolutional neural networks from color information have been the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Ge Gao , Mikko Lauri , Yulong Wang , Xiaolin Hu , Jianwei Zhang , Simone Frintrop

LiDAR point clouds are fundamental to various applications, yet high-precision scans incur substantial storage and transmission overhead. Existing methods typically convert unordered points into hierarchical octree or voxel structures for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Pengpeng Yu , Haoran Li , Runqing Jiang , Jing Wang , Liang Lin , Yulan Guo

Clouds frequently cover the Earth's surface and pose an omnipresent challenge to optical Earth observation methods. The vast majority of remote sensing approaches either selectively choose single cloud-free observations or employ a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Marc Rußwurm , Marco Körner

Estimating subsurface dielectric properties is essential for applications ranging from environmental surveys of soils to nondestructive evaluation of concrete in infrastructure. Conventional wave inversion methods typically assume few…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Ishfaq Aziz , Mohamad Alipour

The existence of Galactic optical cirrus poses a challenge for observing faint objects within our Galaxy and dim extragalactic structures. To investigate individual cirrus filaments in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program public…