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In the context of today's high-pressure, aging society, the demand for large-scale emotional models capable of providing empathetic support is more critical than ever. However, existing benchmarks fail to simultaneously achieve ecological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pengze Guo , Jingxi Liang , Zhiwen Xie , Qifeng Wang , Derek F. Wong

Language models (LMs) are machine learning models designed to predict linguistic patterns by estimating the probability of word sequences based on large-scale datasets, such as text. LMs have a wide range of applications in natural language…

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable vision-language capabilities, primarily due to the exceptional in-context understanding and multi-task learning strengths of large language models (LLMs). The advent of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Jianing Li , Xi Nan , Ming Lu , Li Du , Shanghang Zhang

Question answering (QA) models have shown rapid progress enabled by the availability of large, high-quality benchmark datasets. Such annotated datasets are difficult and costly to collect, and rarely exist in languages other than English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Patrick Lewis , Barlas Oğuz , Ruty Rinott , Sebastian Riedel , Holger Schwenk

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer everyday questions, yet their performance on culturally grounded and dialectal content remains uneven across languages. We propose a comprehensive method that (i) translates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti , Firoj Alam

The zero-shot capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled highly flexible, reference-free metrics for various tasks, making LLM evaluators common tools in NLP. However, the robustness of these LLM evaluators remains relatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Rickard Stureborg , Dimitris Alikaniotis , Yoshi Suhara

By transmitting task-related information only, semantic communications yield significant performance gains over conventional communications. However, the lack of mature semantic theory about semantic information quantification and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Lei Yan , Zhijin Qin , Chunfeng Li , Rui Zhang , Yongzhao Li , Xiaoming Tao

Subjective mean opinion scores (MOS) remain the de-facto target for non-intrusive speech and singing quality assessment. However, MOS is a scalar that collapses heterogeneous user expectations, ignores service-level objectives, and is…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Wenzhang Du

The rapid advancement of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has expanded their capabilities beyond high-level vision tasks. Nevertheless, their potential for Document Image Quality Assessment (DIQA) remains underexplored. To bridge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jiaxi Huang , Dongxu Wu , Hanwei Zhu , Lingyu Zhu , Jun Xing , Xu Wang , Baoliang Chen

Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) aims to infer human sentiment from textual, acoustic, and visual signals. In real-world scenarios, however, multimodal inputs are often compromised by dynamic noise or modality missingness. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yitong Zhu , Yuxuan Jiang , Guanxuan Jiang , Bojing Hou , Peng Yuan Zhou , Ge Lin Kan , Yuyang Wang

Recently, with the emergence of recent Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) technology, it has become possible to exploit its video understanding capability on different classification tasks. In practice, we face the difficulty of huge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Xin Dong , Sen Jia , Ming Rui Wang , Yan Li , Zhenheng Yang , Bingfeng Deng , Hongyu Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in sentence-level machine translation, but scaling to document-level translation remains challenging, particularly in modeling long-range dependencies and discourse phenomena…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Miguel Moura Ramos , Patrick Fernandes , Sweta Agrawal , André F. T. Martins

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures have recently advanced the scalability and adaptability of large language models (LLMs) for continual multimodal learning. However, efficiently extending these models to accommodate sequential tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Hengyuan Zhao , Ziqin Wang , Qixin Sun , Kaiyou Song , Yilin Li , Xiaolin Hu , Qingpei Guo , Si Liu

Large language models excel at a wide range of complex tasks. However, enabling general inference in the real world, e.g., for robotics problems, raises the challenge of grounding. We propose embodied language models to directly incorporate…

Understanding narratives requires reading between the lines, which in turn, requires interpreting the likely causes and effects of events, even when they are not mentioned explicitly. In this paper, we introduce Cosmos QA, a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Lifu Huang , Ronan Le Bras , Chandra Bhagavatula , Yejin Choi

Question Answering (QA) systems have traditionally relied on structured text data, but the rapid growth of multimedia content (images, audio, video, and structured metadata) has introduced new challenges and opportunities for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Rahul Raja , Arpita Vats

Description-based text-to-speech (TTS) models exhibit strong performance on in-domain text descriptions, i.e., those encountered during training. However, in real-world applications, the diverse range of user-generated descriptions…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Heyang Xue , Xuchen Song , Yu Tang , Jianyu Chen , Yanru Chen , Yang Li , Yahui Zhou

Existing evaluations of foundation models, including recent human-centric approaches, fail to capture what truly matters: user's experience during interaction. Current methods treat evaluation as a matter of output correctness alone,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yijin Guo , Zicheng Zhang , Ye Shen , Farong Wen , Junying Wang , Qi Jia , Guangtao Zhai

Objective: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in biomedical settings, and existing benchmark datasets have played an important role in supporting model development and evaluation. However, these benchmarks often have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kriti Bhattarai , Vipina K. Keloth , Donald Wright , Andrew Loza , Yang Ren , Hua Xu

Large language model (LLM) serving is becoming an increasingly critical workload for cloud providers. Existing LLM serving systems focus on interactive requests, such as chatbots and coding assistants, with tight latency SLO requirements.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Archit Patke , Dhemath Reddy , Saurabh Jha , Haoran Qiu , Christian Pinto , Chandra Narayanaswami , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , Ravishankar Iyer
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