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The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) into Agentic AI has established the Model Context Protocol (MCP) as the standard for connecting reasoning engines with external tools. Although this decoupled architecture fosters modularity, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yunhao Yao , Zhiqiang Wang , Haoran Cheng , Yihang Cheng , Haohua Du , Xiang-Yang Li

The widespread adoption of thinking mode in large language models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced complex task processing capabilities while introducing new security risks. When subjected to jailbreak attacks, the step-by-step reasoning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Fan Yang

Prompt injection constitutes a significant challenge for generative AI systems by inducing unintended outputs. We introduce a multi-agent NLP framework specifically designed to address prompt injection vulnerabilities through layered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Diego Gosmar , Deborah A. Dahl , Dario Gosmar

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various domains but pose inherent privacy risks. Existing methods to evaluate privacy leakage in LLMs often use memorized prefixes or simple instructions to extract data, both of which well-alignment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yidan Wang , Yanan Cao , Yubing Ren , Fang Fang , Zheng Lin , Binxing Fang

Security operations centers (SOCs) are beginning to use large language models (LLMs) as copilots to draft incident-response plans. These plans may include actions that are valid per the catalog but still violate mandatory steps, required…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Sidnei Barbieri , Leonardo Vaz de Meneses , Ágney Lopes Roth Ferraz , Lourenço Alves Pereira Júnior

The current scenario of IoT is witnessing a constant increase on the volume of data, which is generated in constant stream, calling for novel architectural and logical solutions for processing it. Moving the data handling towards the edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Boris Sedlak , Victor Casamayor Pujol , Andrea Morichetta , Praveen Kumar Donta , Schahram Dustdar

Real-world user behavior rarely consists of isolated actions; instead, it often forms intent flows governed by spatiotemporal dependencies. To provide integrated service recommendations, we focus on the task of Generative Spatiotemporal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Sicong Wang , Ruiting Dong , Yue Liu , Bowen Zheng , Jun Meng , Jie Li , Shuaijun Guo , Yu Gu , Fanyi Di , Xin Li

Automated fault localization requires connecting an observed test failure to the responsible method across thousands of candidates--a task that purely statistical approaches handle with limited precision and that LLMs cannot yet handle at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Fault injection attacks represent a class of threats that can compromise embedded systems across multiple layers of abstraction, such as system software, instruction set architecture (ISA), microarchitecture, and physical implementation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Arsalan Ali Malik , Harshvadan Mihir , Aydin Aysu

Alignment research focuses on making individual AI systems reliable. Human institutions achieve reliable collective behaviour differently: they mitigate the risk posed by misaligned individuals through organisational structure. Multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 William Waites

Alignment faking (AF) occurs when an LLM strategically complies with training objectives to avoid value modification, reverting to prior preferences once monitoring is lifted. Current detection methods focus on conversational settings and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Matteo Leonesi , Francesco Belardinelli , Flavio Corradini , Marco Piangerelli

Cyberattacks are a major issues and it causes organizations great financial, and reputation harm. However, due to various factors, the current network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) seem to be insufficent. Predominant NIDS identifies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Geet Shingi , Harsh Saglani , Preeti Jain

Prompt injection attacks pose a pervasive threat to the security of Large Language Models (LLMs). State-of-the-art prevention-based defenses typically rely on fine-tuning an LLM to enhance its security, but they achieve limited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yupei Liu , Yanting Wang , Yuqi Jia , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as analyst assistants in security operations centers (SOCs), where they ingest log and alert data to produce triage labels, incident summaries, or remediation advice. We study a structural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rohan Pandey , Archit Bhujang

Multiple successful compositional symbolic execution (CSE) tools and platforms exploit separation logic (SL) for compositional verification and/or incorrectness separation logic (ISL) for compositional bug-finding, including VeriFast,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Andreas Lööw , Seung Hoon Park , Daniele Nantes-Sobrinho , Sacha-Élie Ayoun , Opale Sjöstedt , Philippa Gardner

Automated intrusion-style workflows require LLM agents to reason over partial observations, tool outputs, and executable artifacts under bounded budgets. A single LLM instance often compresses evidence extraction, planning, execution, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Minfeng Qi , Tianqing Zhu , Zijie Xu , Congcong Zhu , Qin Wang , Wanlei Zhou

Split Learning (SL) is a collaborative learning approach that improves privacy by keeping data on the client-side while sharing only the intermediate output with a server. However, the distributed nature of SL introduces new security…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tanveer Khan , Antonis Michalas

LLM agents with tool access can discover and exploit security vulnerabilities. This is known. What is not known is which features of a system prompt trigger this behaviour, and which do not. We present a systematic taxonomy based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Charafeddine Mouzouni

We propose a new formal criterion for evaluating secure compilation schemes for unsafe languages, expressing end-to-end security guarantees for software components that may become compromised after encountering undefined behavior---for…

Recently, Bit-Flip Attack (BFA) has garnered widespread attention for its ability to compromise software system integrity remotely through hardware fault injection. With the widespread distillation and deployment of large language models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yu Yan , Siqi Lu , Yang Gao , Zhaoxuan Li , Ziming Zhao , Qingjun Yuan , Yongjuan Wang