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Previous studies have shown that it is possible to map brain activation data of subjects viewing images onto the feature representation space of not only vision models (modality-specific decoding) but also language models (cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Mitja Nikolaus , Milad Mozafari , Nicholas Asher , Leila Reddy , Rufin VanRullen

Addressing the question of visualising human mind could help us to find regions that are associated with observed cognition and responsible for expressing the elusive mental image, leading to a better understanding of cognitive function.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-11 Pan Wang , Rui Zhou , Shuo Wang , Ling Li , Wenjia Bai , Jialu Fan , Chunlin Li , Peter Childs , Yike Guo

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) with speech decoding from brain recordings have broad application potential in fields such as clinical rehabilitation and cognitive neuroscience. However, current decoding methods remain limited to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-05 Yi Guo , Yihang Dong , Michael Kwok-Po Ng , Shuqiang Wang

Visual stimulus decoding is an increasingly important challenge in neuroscience. The goal is to classify the activity patterns from the human brain; during the sighting of visual objects. One of the crucial problems in the brain decoder is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-07 Osama Hourani , Nasrollah Moghadam Charkari , Saeed Jalili

Understanding how the brain encodes visual information is a central challenge in neuroscience and machine learning. A promising approach is to reconstruct visual stimuli, essentially images, from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zheng Huang , Enpei Zhang , Weikang Qiu , Yinghao Cai , Carl Yang , Elynn Chen , Xiang Zhang , Rex Ying , Dawei Zhou , Yujun Yan

Among the most impressive recent applications of neural decoding is the visual representation decoding, where the category of an object that a subject either sees or imagines is inferred by observing his/her brain activity. Even though…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Angeliki Papadimitriou , Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

Investigating the mapping between visual stimuli and neural responses in the visual cortex contributes to a deeper understanding of biological visual processing mechanisms. Most existing studies characterize this mapping by training models…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xing Gao , Dazhong Rong , Qinming He

Reconstructing perceived images from human brain activity monitored by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is hard, especially for natural images. Existing methods often result in blurry and unintelligible reconstructions with low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Mali Halac , Murat Isik , Hasan Ayaz , Anup Das

Decoding visual stimuli from neural recordings is a critical challenge in the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although recent EEG-based decoding approaches have made progress in tasks such as visual classification,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Dongyang Li , Haoyang Qin , Mingyang Wu , Jiahua Tang , Yuang Cao , Chen Wei , Quanying Liu

Decoding visual stimuli from neural population activity is crucial for understanding the brain and for applications in brain-machine interfaces. However, such biological data is often scarce, particularly in primates or humans, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jan Sobotka , Luca Baroni , Ján Antolík

We propose an end-to-end deep neural encoder-decoder model to encode and decode brain activity in response to naturalistic stimuli using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Leveraging temporally correlated input from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Florian David , Michael Chan , Elenor Morgenroth , Patrik Vuilleumier , Dimitri Van De Ville

Aiming to reconstruct visual stimuli from brain signals, brain decoding has recently made significant progress using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, it still has challenging issues such as substantial individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Shuai Jiang , Zhu Meng , Haiwen Li , Delong Liu , Fei Su , Zhicheng Zhao

Understanding how the brain encodes external stimuli and how these stimuli can be decoded from the measured brain activities are long-standing and challenging questions in neuroscience. In this paper, we focus on reconstructing the complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-05 Sikun Lin , Thomas Sprague , Ambuj K Singh

Deep learning models heavily rely on large scale annotated datasets for training. Unfortunately, datasets cannot capture the infinite variability of the real world, thus neural networks are inherently limited by the restricted visual and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Massimiliano Mancini

Background: Building visual encoding models to accurately predict visual responses is a central challenge for current vision-based brain-machine interface techniques. To achieve high prediction accuracy on neural signals, visual encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Chi Zhang , Kai Qiao , Linyuan Wang , Li Tong , Guoen Hu , Ruyuan Zhang , Bin Yan

Decoding visual stimuli from neural activity is essential for understanding the human brain. While fMRI methods have successfully reconstructed static images, fMRI-to-video reconstruction faces challenges due to the need for capturing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Haonan Wang , Qixiang Zhang , Lehan Wang , Xuanqi Huang , Xiaomeng Li

Visual neural decoding aims to extract and interpret original visual experiences directly from human brain activity. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of decoding visual semantic categories from electroencephalography (EEG)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hongzhou Chen , Lianghua He , Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Shaohua Shang , MengChu Zhou

In this work, we explore the decoding of mental imagery from subjects using their fMRI measurements. In order to achieve this decoding, we first created a mapping between a subject's fMRI signals elicited by the videos the subjects watched.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Arman Afrasiyabi , Erica Busch , Rahul Singh , Dhananjay Bhaskar , Laurent Caplette , Nicholas Turk-Browne , Smita Krishnaswamy

Existing evaluation protocols for brain visual decoding predominantly rely on coarse metrics that obscure inter-model differences, lack neuroscientific foundation, and fail to capture fine-grained visual distinctions. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Weihao Xia , Cengiz Oztireli

Cross-subject brain-to-visual decoding remains a core challenge in brain-computer interfaces due to severe inter-individual variability that induces systematic subject-specific functional misalignment. To address this issue, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiaxiang Liu , Jiawei Du , Xupeng Chen , Guoqi Li , Jiang Cai , Simon Fong , Mingkun Xu