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We consider the problem of sampling from a probability distribution $\pi$. It is well known that this can be written as an optimisation problem over the space of probability distribution in which we aim to minimise the Kullback--Leibler…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-11 Francesca R. Crucinio , Sahani Pathiraja

In this paper, we study higher-order-accurate-in-time minimizing movements schemes for Wasserstein gradient flows. We introduce a novel accelerated second-order scheme, leveraging the differential structure of the Wasserstein space in both…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Raymond Chu , Matt Jacobs

The Wasserstein gradient flow structure of the PDE system governing multiphase flows in porous media was recently highlighted in [C. Canc\`es, T. O. Gallou\"et, and L. Monsaingeon, {\it Anal. PDE} 10(8):1845--1876, 2017]. The model can thus…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-23 Clément Cancès , Thomas O. Gallouët , Maxime Laborde , Léonard Monsaingeon

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization (DRO) has gained prominence in operations research and machine learning as a powerful method for achieving solutions with favorable out-of-sample performance. Two compelling explanations for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Qinyu Wu , Jonathan Yu-Meng Li , Tiantian Mao

A method for analyzing non-asymptotic guarantees of numerical discretizations of ergodic SDEs in Wasserstein-2 distance is presented by Sanz-Serna and Zygalakis in ``Wasserstein distance estimates for the distributions of numerical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-03 Daniel Paulin , Peter A. Whalley

We study the quantitative convergence of drift-diffusion PDEs that arise as Wasserstein gradient flows of linearly convex functions over the space of probability measures on ${\mathbb R}^d$. In this setting, the objective is in general not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Lénaïc Chizat , Maria Colombo , Xavier Fernández-Real

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance quantifies discrepancy between metric measure spaces and provides a natural framework for aligning heterogeneous datasets. Alas, as exact computation of GW alignment is NP hard, entropic regularization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-11 Gabriel Rioux , Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato

In order to approximate solutions of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) that do not possess commutative noise, one has to simulate the involved iterated stochastic integrals. Recently, two approximation methods for iterated…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Claudine von Hallern , Andreas Rößler

We investigate a stochastic program with expected value constraints, addressing the problem in a general context through Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) approach using Wasserstein distances, where the ambiguity set depends on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Diego Fonseca , Mauricio Junca

A normalizing flow (NF) is a mapping that transforms a chosen probability distribution to a normal distribution. Such flows are a common technique used for data generation and density estimation in machine learning and data science. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Alexander Vidal , Samy Wu Fung , Luis Tenorio , Stanley Osher , Levon Nurbekyan

This paper is concerned with the adaptive numerical treatment of stochastic partial differential equations. Our method of choice is Rothe's method. We use the implicit Euler scheme for the time discretization. Consequently, in each step, an…

Distances between probability distributions that take into account the geometry of their sample space,like the Wasserstein or the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) distances have received a lot of attention in machine learning as they can, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Gaëtan Hadjeres , Frank Nielsen

Wasserstein Gradient Flow (WGF) describes the gradient dynamics of probability density within the Wasserstein space. WGF provides a promising approach for conducting optimization over the probability distributions. Numerically approximating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Myungjoo Kang

Wasserstein gradient flows are continuous time dynamics that define curves of steepest descent to minimize an objective function over the space of probability measures (i.e., the Wasserstein space). This objective is typically a divergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Adil Salim , Anna Korba , Giulia Luise

Entropic regularization provides a simple way to approximate linear programs whose constraints split into two or more tractable blocks. The resulting objectives are amenable to cyclic Kullback-Leibler (KL) Bregman projections, with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Gabriel Peyré

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization offers a framework for model fitting in machine learning under potential shifts in the data distribution. We study a regularized variant of this problem in which entropic smoothing produces a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tam Le

This brief note aims to introduce the recent paradigm of distributional robustness in the field of shape and topology optimization. Acknowledging that the probability law of uncertain physical data is rarely known beyond a rough…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Charles Dapogny , Franck Iutzeler , Andrea Meda , Boris Thibert

Wasserstein Policy Optimization (WPO) is a recently proposed reinforcement learning algorithm that leverages Wasserstein gradient flows to optimize stochastic policies in continuous action spaces. Despite its empirical success, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 David Šiška , Yufei Zhang

Over the past fifteen years, the theory of Wasserstein gradient flows of convex (or, more generally, semiconvex) energies has led to advances in several areas of partial differential equations and analysis. In this work, we extend the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-05-04 Katy Craig

We present a Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) approach to estimate a robustified regression plane in a linear regression setting, when the observed samples are potentially contaminated with adversarially corrupted outliers. Our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-14 Ruidi Chen , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis