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Related papers: Neural-Symbolic Knowledge Tracing: Injecting Educa…

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Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to model a student's learning state over time and predict their future performance. However, traditional KT methods often face challenges in explainability, scalability, and effective modeling of complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Runze Li , Siyu Wu , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Knowledge tracing---where a machine models the knowledge of a student as they interact with coursework---is a well established problem in computer supported education. Though effectively modeling student knowledge would have high…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Chris Piech , Jonathan Spencer , Jonathan Huang , Surya Ganguli , Mehran Sahami , Leonidas Guibas , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

We review and evaluate a body of deep learning knowledge tracing (DLKT) models with openly available and widely-used data sets, and with a novel data set of students learning to program. The evaluated knowledge tracing models include…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Sami Sarsa , Juho Leinonen , Arto Hellas

Deep Knowledge Tracing (DKT) models student learning behavior by using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to predict future performance based on historical interaction data. However, the original implementation relied on standard RNNs in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Altun Shukurlu

Knowledge graph reasoning is pivotal in various domains such as data mining, artificial intelligence, the Web, and social sciences. These knowledge graphs function as comprehensive repositories of human knowledge, facilitating the inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Lihui Liu , Zihao Wang , Hanghang Tong

Adaptive learning technology solutions often use a learner model to trace learning and make pedagogical decisions. The present research introduces a formalized methodology for specifying learner models, Logistic Knowledge Tracing (LKT),…

Applications · Statistics 2021-12-14 Philip I. Pavlik, , Luke G. Eglington , Leigh M. Harrell-Williams

Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to determine whether students will respond correctly to the next question, which is a crucial task in intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). In educational KT scenarios, transductive ID-based methods often face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lingyue Fu , Hao Guan , Kounianhua Du , Jianghao Lin , Wei Xia , Weinan Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Yasheng Wang , Yong Yu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tutoring chatbots, showing promise in providing broad access to high-quality personalized education. Existing works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Alexander Scarlatos , Ryan S. Baker , Andrew Lan

Knowledge Tracing (KT) models students' evolving knowledge states to predict future performance, serving as a foundation for personalized education. While traditional deep learning models achieve high accuracy, they often lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Runze Li , Kedi Chen , Guwei Feng , Mo Yu , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Learning the underlying patterns in data goes beyond instance-based generalization to external knowledge represented in structured graphs or networks. Deep learning that primarily constitutes neural computing stream in AI has shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ugur Kursuncu , Manas Gaur , Amit Sheth

Knowledge Tracing (KT) involves monitoring the changes in a student's knowledge over time by analyzing their past responses, with the goal of predicting future performance. However, most existing methods primarily focus on feature…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lixiang Xu , Xianwei Ding , Xin Yuan , Richang Hong , Feiping Nie , Enhong Chen , Philip S. Yu

Knowledge tracing is the task of modeling each student's mastery of knowledge concepts (KCs) as (s)he engages with a sequence of learning activities. Each student's knowledge is modeled by estimating the performance of the student on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Shalini Pandey , George Karypis

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a critical technique for modeling student knowledge to support personalized learning. However, most KT systems focus on binary correctness prediction and cannot diagnose the underlying conceptual misunderstandings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yu-Chen Kang , Yu-Chien Tang , An-Zi Yen

In theoretical cognitive science, there is a tension between highly structured models whose parameters have a direct psychological interpretation and highly complex, general-purpose models whose parameters and representations are difficult…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Mohammad Khajah , Robert V. Lindsey , Michael C. Mozer

Knowledge tracing (KT) is the problem of modeling each student's mastery of knowledge concepts (KCs) as (s)he engages with a sequence of learning activities. It is an active research area to help provide learners with personalized feedback…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Shalini Pandey , George Karypis , Jaideep Srivastava

Student assessment is one of the most fundamental tasks in the field of AI Education (AIEd). One of the most common approach to student assessment is Knowledge Tracing (KT), which evaluates a student's knowledge state by predicting whether…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Suyeong An , Junghoon Kim , Minsam Kim , Juneyoung Park

The training of artificial neural networks is heavily dependent on the careful selection of an appropriate loss function. While commonly used loss functions, such as cross-entropy and mean squared error (MSE), generally suffice for a broad…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Altun Shukurlu

Intelligent Tutoring Systems have become critically important in future learning environments. Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a crucial part of that system. It is about inferring the skill mastery of students and predicting their performance to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Sein Minn , Jill-Jenn Vie , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima , Feida Zhu

Knowledge tracing (KT) is the problem of predicting students' future performance based on their historical interactions with intelligent tutoring systems. Recent studies have applied multiple types of deep neural networks to solve the KT…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Zitao Liu , Qiongqiong Liu , Jiahao Chen , Shuyan Huang , Boyu Gao , Weiqi Luo , Jian Weng

A longstanding goal in computational educational research is to develop explainable knowledge tracing (KT) models. Deep Knowledge Tracing (DKT), which leverages a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to predict student knowledge and performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Kevin Hong , Kia Karbasi , Gregory Pottie