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The joint optimization of physical parameters and controllers in robotic systems is challenging. This is due to the difficulties of predicting the effect that changes in physical parameters have on final performances. At the same time,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Carlo Bosio , Mark W. Mueller

Harnessing the rich nonlinear dynamics of highly-deformable materials has the potential to unlock the next generation of functional smart materials and devices. However, unlocking such potential requires effective strategies to spatially…

Passive elastic elements can contribute to stability, energetic efficiency, and impact absorption in both biological and robotic systems. They also add dynamical complexity which makes them more challenging to model and control. The impact…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Ali Marjaninejad , Jie Tan , Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas

Manipulating deformable and fragile objects remains a fundamental challenge in robotics due to complex contact dynamics and strict requirements on object integrity. Existing approaches typically optimize either end-effector design or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Kei Ikemura , Yifei Dong , Florian T. Pokorny

Digital stiffness programmability is fulfilled with a heterogeneous mechanical metamaterial. The prototype consists of an elastomer matrix containing tessellations of diamond shaped cavities selectively confined with semi-rigid plastic beam…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-13 H. Tao , F. Danzi , C. E. Silva , J. M. Gibert

Fabric has been a fundamental part of human life for thousands of years, providing comfort, protection, and aesthetic expression. While modern advancements have enhanced fabric's functionality, it remains static and unchangeable, failing to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Rosalie Lin , Aditi Maheshwari , Jung Wook Park , Andreea Danielescu

With increasing demand for mass customization, traditional manufacturing robots that rely on rule-based operations lack the flexibility to accommodate customized or new product variants. Human-Robot Collaboration has demonstrated potential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jiabao Zhao , Jonghan Lim , Hongliang Li , Ilya Kovalenko

Soft robots are notoriously hard to control. This is partly due to the scarcity of models able to capture their complex continuum mechanics, resulting in a lack of control methodologies that take full advantage of body compliance. Currently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Noel Naughton , Jiarui Sun , Arman Tekinalp , Girish Chowdhary , Mattia Gazzola

Animals can finely modulate their leg stiffness to interact with complex terrains and absorb sudden shocks. In feats like leaping and sprinting, animals demonstrate a sophisticated interplay of opposing muscle pairs that actively modulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Erik Mortensen , Jan Petrs , Alexander Dittrich , Dario Floreano

Soft robots have proven to outperform traditional robots in applications related to propagation in geometrically constrained environments. Designing these robots and their controllers is an intricate task, since their building materials…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Hugo Alcaraz-Herrera , Michail-Antisthenis Tsompanas , Igor Balaz , Andrew Adamatzky

A new approach for generating stress-constrained topological designs in continua is presented. The main novelty is in the use of elasto-plastic modeling and in optimizing the design such that it will exhibit a linear-elastic response. This…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2016-08-25 Oded Amir

Different subsystems of organisms adapt over many time scales, such as rapid changes in the nervous system (learning), slower morphological and neurological change over the lifetime of the organism (postnatal development), and change over…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Sam Kriegman , Nick Cheney , Francesco Corucci , Josh C. Bongard

Additive manufacturing methods together with topology optimization have enabled the creation of multiscale structures with controlled spatially-varying material microstructure. However, topology optimization or inverse design of such…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-28 Harikrishnan Vijayakumaran , Jonathan B. Russ , Glaucio H. Paulino , Miguel A. Bessa

Collaborative robots must simultaneously be safe enough to operate in close proximity to human operators and powerful enough to assist users in industrial tasks such as lifting heavy equipment. The requirement for safety necessitates that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Garrison L. H. Johnston , Andrew L. Orekhov , Nabil Simaan

The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a powerful modeling tool for predicting soft robots' behavior, but its computation time can limit practical applications. In this paper, a learning-based approach based on condensation of the FEM model is…

Purpose of Review: This review provides an overview of the state of the art in bioinspired soft robotics with by examining advancements in actuation, functionality, modeling, and control. Recent Findings: Recent research into actuation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Maxwell Hammond , Venanzio Cichella , Caterina Lamuta

Soft composite solids are made of inclusions dispersed within soft matrices. They are ubiquitous in nature and form the basis of many biological tissues. In the field of materials science, synthetic soft composites are promising candidates…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-14 Yiqiu Zhao , Haitao Hu , Yulu Huang , Hanqing Liu , Caishan Yan , Chang Xu , Rui Zhang , Yifan Wang , Qin Xu

We propose a novel tri-fingered soft robotic gripper with decoupled stiffness and shape control capability for performing adaptive grasping with minimum system complexity. The proposed soft fingers adaptively conform to object shapes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Dimuthu D. Arachchige , Yue Chen , Ian D. Walker , Isuru S. Godage

Soft robotics has advanced rapidly, yet its control methods remain fragmented: different morphologies and actuation schemes still require task-specific controllers, hindering theoretical integration and large-scale deployment. A generic…

We introduce controlgym, a library of thirty-six industrial control settings, and ten infinite-dimensional partial differential equation (PDE)-based control problems. Integrated within the OpenAI Gym/Gymnasium (Gym) framework, controlgym…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Xiangyuan Zhang , Weichao Mao , Saviz Mowlavi , Mouhacine Benosman , Tamer Başar