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Learning is the basis of both biological and artificial systems when it comes to mimicking intelligent behaviors. From the classical PPO (Proximal Policy Optimization), there is a series of deep reinforcement learning algorithms which are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wanru Gong , Xinyi Zheng , Yuan Hui , Zhongjun Li , Weiqiang Wang , Xiaoqing Zhu

As soft robot design matures, researchers have converged to sophisticated design paradigms to enable the development of more suitable platforms. Two such paradigms are soft-rigid hybrid robots, which utilize rigid structural materials in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zach J. Patterson , Emily R. Sologuren , Daniela Rus

Robot co-design, jointly optimizing morphology and control policy, remains a longstanding challenge in the robotics community, where many promising robots have been developed. However, a key limitation lies in its tendency to converge to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiawei Fang , Yuxuan Sun , Chengtian Ma , Qiuyu Lu , Lining Yao

As one of the core parts of flexible manufacturing systems, material handling involves storage and transportation of materials between workstations with automated vehicles. The improvement in material handling can impulse the overall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Chengpeng Hu , Ziming Wang , Jialin Liu , Junyi Wen , Bifei Mao , Xin Yao

Physical interactive robotics, ranging from wearable devices to collaborative humanoid robots, require close coordination between mechanical design and control. However, evaluating interactive dynamics is challenging due to complex human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chenhui Zuo , Jinhao Xu , Michael Qian Vergnolle , Yanan Sui

Dynamic modeling and control are critical for unleashing soft robots' potential, yet remain challenging due to their complex constitutive behaviors and real-world operating conditions. Bio-inspired musculoskeletal robots, which integrate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yinglei Zhu , Xuguang Dong , Qiyao Wang , Qi Shao , Fugui Xie , Xinjun Liu , Huichan Zhao

Humans and animals are capable of quickly learning new behaviours to solve new tasks. Yet, we often forget that they also rely on a highly specialized morphology that co-adapted with motor control throughout thousands of years. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kevin Sebastian Luck , Heni Ben Amor , Roberto Calandra

Topology optimization is a powerful tool utilized in various fields for structural design. However, its application has primarily been restricted to static or passively moving objects, mainly focusing on hard materials with limited…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Changyoung Yuhn , Yuki Sato , Hiroki Kobayashi , Atsushi Kawamoto , Tsuyoshi Nomura

Continuum robots with variable compliance have gained significant attention due to their adaptability in unstructured environments. Among various stiffness modulation techniques, layer jamming (LJ) provides a simple yet effective approach…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yeman Fan , Bowen Yi , Dikai Liu

Kinesthetic garments provide physical feedback on body posture and motion through tailored distributions of reinforced material. Their ability to selectively stiffen a garment's response to specific motions makes them appealing for…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Velko Vechev , Juan Zarate , Bernhard Thomaszewski , Otmar Hilliges

We introduce SoftMimic, a framework for learning compliant whole-body control policies for humanoid robots from example motions. Imitating human motions with reinforcement learning allows humanoids to quickly learn new skills, but existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Gabriel B. Margolis , Michelle Wang , Nolan Fey , Pulkit Agrawal

Based on the idea of variable stiffness mechanisms, a variety of such mechanisms is shown in this work. Specifically, 2-DOF parallel kinematic machines equipped with redundant actuators and non-linear springs in the actuated joints are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Christoph Stoeffler , Shivesh Kumar , Andreas Müller

For robot manipulation, both the controller and end-effector design are crucial. Soft grippers are generalizable by deforming to different geometries, but designing such a gripper and finding its grasp pose remains challenging. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sha Yi , Xueqian Bai , Adabhav Singh , Jianglong Ye , Michael T Tolley , Xiaolong Wang

Classically, the development of humanoid robots has been sequential and iterative. Such bottom-up design procedures rely heavily on intuition and are often biased by the designer's experience. Exploiting the non-linear coupled design space…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Akhil Sathuluri , Anand Vazhapilli Sureshbabu , Markus Zimmermann

The co-adaptation of robots has been a long-standing research endeavour with the goal of adapting both body and behaviour of a system for a given task, inspired by the natural evolution of animals. Co-adaptation has the potential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Chang Rajani , Karol Arndt , David Blanco-Mulero , Kevin Sebastian Luck , Ville Kyrki

Dynamic control of a soft-body robot to deliver complex behaviors with low-dimensional actuation inputs is challenging. In this paper, we present a computational approach to automatically generate versatile, underactuated control policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Yitong Deng , Yaorui Zhang , Xingzhe He , Shuqi Yang , Yunjin Tong , Michael Zhang , Daniel DiPietro , Bo Zhu

Antagonistic artificial muscles can decouple joint torque and stiffness, but contact transients often degrade this independence. We present a unified real-time framework applicable across pneumatic, electrohydraulic, and dielectric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Amirhossein Kazemipour , Robert K. Katzschmann

Robots built from soft materials can alter their shape and size in a particular profile. This shape-changing ability could be extremely helpful for rescue robots and those operating in unknown terrains and environments. In changing shape,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Vishesh Vikas , Eliad Cohen , Rob Grassi , Canberk Sozer , Barry Trimmer

Co-design optimization strategies usually rely on simplified robot models extracted from CAD. While these models are useful for optimizing geometrical and inertial parameters for robot control, they might overlook important details…

The safety and accuracy of robotic navigation hold paramount importance, especially in the realm of soft continuum robotics, where the limitations of traditional rigid sensors become evident. Encoders, piezoresistive, and potentiometer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Eric Vincent Galeta , Ayman A. Nada , Sabah M. Ahmed , Victor Parque , Haitham El-Hussieny