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We describe a class of systems theory based neural networks called "Network Of Recurrent neural networks" (NOR), which introduces a new structure level to RNN related models. In NOR, RNNs are viewed as the high-level neurons and are used to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Chao-Ming Wang

The unprecedented dissemination of edge devices is accompanied by a growing demand for neuromorphic chips that can process time-series data natively without cloud support. Echo state network (ESN) is a class of recurrent neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Abdullah M. Zyarah , Alaa M. Abdul-Hadi , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been frequently used to extract subject-invariant features from electroencephalogram (EEG) for classification tasks. This approach holds the underlying assumption that electrodes are equidistant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Andac Demir , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang , Masaki Haruna , Deniz Erdogmus

Echo state networks (ESNs) are a powerful form of reservoir computing that only require training of linear output weights whilst the internal reservoir is formed of fixed randomly connected neurons. With a correctly scaled connectivity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Luca Manneschi , Matthew O. A. Ellis , Guido Gigante , Andrew C. Lin , Paolo Del Giudice , Eleni Vasilaki

Current deep convolutional networks are fixed in their topology. We explore the possibilites of making the convolutional topology a parameter itself by combining NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) with Convolutional Neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Jan Hohenheim , Mathias Fischler , Sara Zarubica , Jeremy Stucki

A perturbative method is developed for calculating the effects of recurrent synaptic interactions between neurons embedded in a network. A series expansion is constructed that converges for networks with noisy membrane potential and weak…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Patrick D. Roberts

With tens of thousands of electrocardiogram (ECG) records processed by mobile cardiac event recorders every day, heart rhythm classification algorithms are an important tool for the continuous monitoring of patients at risk. We utilise an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Patrick Schwab , Gaetano Scebba , Jia Zhang , Marco Delai , Walter Karlen

Echo State Networks (ESN) are versatile recurrent neural network models in which the hidden layer remains unaltered during training. Interactions among nodes of this static backbone produce diverse representations of the given stimuli that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Kayson Fakhar , Fatemeh Hadaeghi , Claus C. Hilgetag

The brain cortex, which processes visual, auditory and sensory data in the brain, is known to have many recurrent connections within its layers and from higher to lower layers. But, in the case of machine learning with neural networks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Sebastian Sanokowski

Early Exit Neural Networks (EENNs) endow astandard Deep Neural Network (DNN) with Early Exit Classifiers (EECs), to provide predictions at intermediate points of the processing when enough confidence in classification is achieved. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Matteo Gambella , Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Manuel Roveri

In this era of artificial intelligence, deep neural networks like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as front-runners, often surpassing human capabilities. These deep networks are often perceived as the panacea for all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Neeraj Kumar Singh , Nikhil R. Pal

Circuits of biological neurons, such as in the functional parts of the brain can be modeled as networks of coupled oscillators. Inspired by the ability of these systems to express a rich set of outputs while keeping (gradients of) state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 T. Konstantin Rusch , Siddhartha Mishra

This paper proposes a novel and interpretable recurrent neural-network structure using the echo-state network (ESN) paradigm for time-series prediction. While the traditional ESNs perform well for dynamical systems prediction, it needs a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Debdipta Goswami

A new learning algorithm for Evolving Cascade Neural Networks (ECNNs) is described. An ECNN starts to learn with one input node and then adding new inputs as well as new hidden neurons evolves it. The trained ECNN has a nearly minimal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vitaly Schetinin

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are a particular type of untrained Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) within the Reservoir Computing (RC) framework, popular for their fast and efficient learning. However, traditional ESNs often struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Matteo Pinna , Andrea Ceni , Claudio Gallicchio

As one of the most important paradigms of recurrent neural networks, the echo state network (ESN) has been applied to a wide range of fields, from robotics to medicine, finance, and language processing. A key feature of the ESN paradigm is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Pau Vilimelis Aceituno , Yan Gang , Yang-Yu Liu

Cortical neurons are complex, multi-timescale processors wired into recurrent circuits, shaped by long evolutionary pressure under stringent biological constraints. Mainstream machine learning, by contrast, predominantly builds models from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Aaron Spieler , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are more suitable for learning non-linear dependencies in dynamical systems from observed time series data. In practice all the external variables driving such systems are not known a priori, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Mhlasakululeka Mvubu , Emmanuel Kabuga , Christian Plitz , Bubacarr Bah , Ronnie Becker , Hans Georg Zimmermann

Processing temporal sequences is central to a variety of applications in health care, and in particular multi-channel Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a highly prevalent diagnostic modality that relies on robust sequence modeling. While Recurrent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-17 Deepta Rajan , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Animals ranging from rats to humans can demonstrate cognitive map capabilities. We evolved weights in a biologically plausible recurrent neural network (RNN) using an evolutionary algorithm to replicate the behavior and neural activity…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Xinyun Zou , Eric O. Scott , Alexander B. Johnson , Kexin Chen , Douglas A. Nitz , Kenneth A. De Jong , Jeffrey L. Krichmar