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Deploying Vision-Language Models (VLMs) under aggressive low-bit inference remains challenging because inference cost is dominated by the long visual-token prefix during prefill and the growing KV cache during autoregressive decoding. Token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinqing Li , Xin He , Xindong Zhang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Lei Zhang , Yun Liu

Mixed-precision quantization, where a deep neural network's layers are quantized to different precisions, offers the opportunity to optimize the trade-offs between model size, latency, and statistical accuracy beyond what can be achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Georg Rutishauser , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini

The safety alignment of Language Models (LMs) is a critical concern, yet their integrity can be challenged by direct parameter manipulation attacks, such as those potentially induced by fault injection. As LMs are increasingly deployed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Noureldin Zahran , Ahmad Tahmasivand , Ihsen Alouani , Khaled Khasawneh , Mohammed E. Fouda

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable results for a wide range of tasks. However, deploying these models for inference has been a significant challenge due to their unprecedented resource requirements. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Sehoon Kim , Coleman Hooper , Amir Gholami , Zhen Dong , Xiuyu Li , Sheng Shen , Michael W. Mahoney , Kurt Keutzer

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited exciting progress in multiple scenarios, while the huge computational demands hinder their deployments in lots of real-world applications. As an effective means to reduce memory footprint and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yijun Liu , Yuan Meng , Fang Wu , Shenhao Peng , Hang Yao , Chaoyu Guan , Chen Tang , Xinzhu Ma , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

The rapid scaling of models has led to prohibitively high training and fine-tuning costs. A major factor accounting for memory consumption is the widespread use of stateful optimizers (e.g., Adam), which maintain auxiliary information of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Cong Xu , Wenbin Liang , Mo Yu , Anan Liu , Ke-Yue Zhang , Shunli Wang , Lizhuang Ma , Jianyong Wang , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown their remarkable capacities in many NLP tasks. However, their substantial size often presents challenges for deployment. This necessitates efficient techniques for model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Robin Baki Davidsson , Pierre Nugues

Global placement is a critical step with high computational complexity in VLSI physical design. Modern analytical placers formulate the placement problem as a nonlinear optimization, where initialization strongly affects both convergence…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Yuhao Ren , Yiting Liu , Yanfei Zhou , Zhiyu Zheng , Li Shang , Fan Yang , Zhiang Wang

We introduce a new quantum optimization algorithm for dense Linear Programming problems, which can be seen as the quantization of the Interior Point Predictor-Corrector algorithm \cite{Predictor-Corrector} using a Quantum Linear System…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-15 P. A. M. Casares , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) on long contexts is severely constrained by prohibitive GPU memory overhead, not training time. The primary culprits are the activations, whose memory footprints scale linearly with sequence length. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenhao Li , Daohai Yu , Gen Luo , Yuxin Zhang , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji , Yifan Wu , Jiaxin Liu , Ziyang Gong , Zimu Liao

LoRA adapts large language models (LLMs) by restricting updates to low-rank subspaces of pre-trained weights. While this substantially reduces training cost, the effectiveness of adaptation critically depends on which subspace is chosen at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhi-Quan Feng , Ying-Jia Lin , Hung-Yu Kao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising performance across various tasks. However, their autoregressive decoding process poses significant challenges for efficient deployment on existing AI hardware. Quantization alleviates memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Guanxi Lu , Hao Mark Chen , Zhiqiang Que , Wayne Luk , Hongxiang Fan

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a standard tool for hyperparameter tuning thanks to its sample efficiency on expensive black-box functions. While most BO pipelines begin with uniform random initialization, default hyperparameter values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Nicolás Villagrán Prieto , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

With the rising popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been an increasing interest in compression techniques that enable their efficient deployment. This study focuses on the Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) of LLMs. Drawing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-04 Kayhan Behdin , Ayan Acharya , Aman Gupta , Qingquan Song , Siyu Zhu , Sathiya Keerthi , Rahul Mazumder

The identification of black-box nonlinear state-space models requires a flexible representation of the state and output equation. Artificial neural networks have proven to provide such a representation. However, as in many identification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Maarten Schoukens

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices like the Raspberry Pi presents challenges in computational efficiency, power consumption, and response latency. This paper explores quantization-based optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Mahsa Ardakani , Jinendra Malekar , Ramtin Zand

Optimal hyperparameter selection is critical for maximizing the performance of neural networks in computer vision, particularly as architectures become more complex. This work explores the use of large language models (LLMs) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Roman Kochnev , Arash Torabi Goodarzi , Zofia Antonina Bentyn , Dmitry Ignatov , Radu Timofte

Decomposing weight matrices into quantization and low-rank components ($\mathbf{W} \approx \mathbf{Q} + \mathbf{L}\mathbf{R}$) is a widely used technique for compressing large language models (LLMs). Existing joint optimization methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yoonjun Cho , Soeun Kim , Dongjae Jeon , Kyelim Lee , Beomsoo Lee , Albert No

To overcome the burden on the memory size and bandwidth due to ever-increasing size of large language models (LLMs), aggressive weight quantization has been recently studied, while lacking research on quantizing activations. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Jahyun Koo , Dahoon Park , Sangwoo Jung , Jaeha Kung

The growing demand for Large Language Models (LLMs) in applications such as content generation, intelligent chatbots, and sentiment analysis poses considerable challenges for LLM service providers. To efficiently use GPU resources and boost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yilong Zhao , Chien-Yu Lin , Kan Zhu , Zihao Ye , Lequn Chen , Size Zheng , Luis Ceze , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Tianqi Chen , Baris Kasikci