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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong vision-language reasoning abilities but still lack robust 3D spatial understanding, which is critical for autonomous driving. This limitation stems from two key challenges: (1) the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ruixun Liu , Lingyu Kong , Derun Li , Hang Zhao

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities of the recently released GPT-4V(ision), a Large Multimodal Model (LMM). We assess the model's performance across a range of OCR tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yongxin Shi , Dezhi Peng , Wenhui Liao , Zening Lin , Xinhong Chen , Chongyu Liu , Yuyi Zhang , Lianwen Jin

Existing methods enhance open-vocabulary object detection by leveraging the robust open-vocabulary recognition capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP.However, two main challenges emerge:(1) A deficiency in concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Penghui Du , Yu Wang , Yifan Sun , Luting Wang , Yue Liao , Gang Zhang , Errui Ding , Yan Wang , Jingdong Wang , Si Liu

Lip Reading, or Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (V-ASR), is a complex task requiring the interpretation of spoken language exclusively from visual cues, primarily lip movements and facial expressions. This task is especially challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Marshall Thomas , Edward Fish , Richard Bowden

Vision-Language models (VLMs) have proven to be effective at aligning image and text representations, producing superior zero-shot results when transferred to many downstream tasks. However, these representations suffer from some key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Nir Yellinek , Leonid Karlinsky , Raja Giryes

Large vision-language models (VLMs) can assist visually impaired people by describing images from their daily lives. Current evaluation datasets may not reflect diverse cultural user backgrounds or the situational context of this use case.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Antonia Karamolegkou , Phillip Rust , Yong Cao , Ruixiang Cui , Anders Søgaard , Daniel Hershcovich

This paper presents the design and development of multi-dialect automatic speech recognition for Arabic. Deep neural networks are becoming an effective tool to solve sequential data problems, particularly, adopting an end-to-end training of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-30 Abbas Raza Ali

Incorporating multiple modalities into large language models (LLMs) is a powerful way to enhance their understanding of non-textual data, enabling them to perform multimodal tasks. Vision language models (VLMs) form the fastest growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shiqi He , Insu Jang , Mosharaf Chowdhury

Real-world vision-language applications demand varying levels of perceptual granularity. However, most existing visual large language models (VLLMs), such as LLaVA, pre-assume a fixed resolution for downstream tasks, which leads to subpar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Weiqing Luo , Zhen Tan , Yifan Li , Xinyu Zhao , Kwonjoon Lee , Behzad Dariush , Tianlong Chen

Arabic is one of the languages that present special challenges to Optical character recognition (OCR). The main challenge in Arabic is that it is mostly cursive. Therefore, a segmentation process must be carried out to determine where the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Mahmoud A. A. Mousa , Mohammed S. Sayed , Mahmoud I. Abdalla

This paper introduces Arabic-DeepSeek-R1, an application-driven open-source Arabic LLM that leverages a sparse MoE backbone to address the digital equity gap for under-represented languages, and establishes a new SOTA across the entire Open…

Vision-language models for Earth observation (EO) typically rely on the visual spectrum of data as the only model input, thus failing to leverage the rich spectral information available in the multispectral channels recorded by satellites.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Clive Tinashe Marimo , Benedikt Blumenstiel , Maximilian Nitsche , Johannes Jakubik , Thomas Brunschwiler

Recent advances in speech-enabled AI, including Google's NotebookLM and OpenAI's speech-to-speech API, are driving widespread interest in voice interfaces globally. Despite this momentum, there exists no publicly available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Gabrial Zencha Ashungafac , Mardhiyah Sanni , Busayo Awobade , Alex Gichamba , Tobi Olatunji

A reasonable amount of annotated data is required for fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PLM) on downstream tasks. However, obtaining labeled examples for different language varieties can be costly. In this paper, we investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Muhammad Khalifa , Hesham Hassan , Aly Fahmy

Arabic, with its rich diversity of dialects, remains significantly underrepresented in Large Language Models, particularly in dialectal variations. We address this gap by introducing seven synthetic datasets in dialects alongside Modern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Basel Mousi , Nadir Durrani , Fatema Ahmad , Md. Arid Hasan , Maram Hasanain , Tameem Kabbani , Fahim Dalvi , Shammur Absar Chowdhury , Firoj Alam

Vision Language Models (VLMs) pretrained on Internet-scale vision-language data have demonstrated the potential to transfer their knowledge to robotic learning. However, the existing paradigm encounters three critical challenges: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Haoxuan Li , Sixu Yan , Yuhan Li , Xinggang Wang

Deaf people are using sign language for communication, and it is a combination of gestures, movements, postures, and facial expressions that correspond to alphabets and words in spoken languages. The proposed Arabic sign language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Muhammad Al-Barham , Ahmad Jamal , Musa Al-Yaman

Yor\`ub\'a is a widely spoken West African language with a writing system rich in tonal and orthographic diacritics. With very few exceptions, diacritics are omitted from electronic texts, due to limited device and application support.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Iroro Orife

Large language models (LLMs) have notably accelerated progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI), with their impressive zero-shot capacity for user-tailored tasks, endowing them with immense potential across a range of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Wenhai Wang , Zhe Chen , Xiaokang Chen , Jiannan Wu , Xizhou Zhu , Gang Zeng , Ping Luo , Tong Lu , Jie Zhou , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have seen rapid advances in recent years and are now being applied to visual document understanding tasks. They are expected to process a wide range of document images across languages, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Keito Sasagawa , Shuhei Kurita , Daisuke Kawahara