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State-of-the-art vessel segmentation methods typically require large-scale annotated datasets and suffer from severe performance degradation under domain shifts. In clinical practice, however, acquiring extensive annotations for every new…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Kirato Yoshihara , Yohei Sugawara , Yuta Tokuoka , Lihang Hong

Foundation models pre-trained on large-scale natural image datasets offer a powerful paradigm for medical image segmentation. However, effectively transferring their learned representations for precise clinical applications remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Haoyue Li , Yifan Gao , Feng Yuan , Xiaosong Wang , Xin Gao

Instance segmentation enables the analysis of spatial and temporal properties of cells in microscopy images by identifying the pixels belonging to each cell. However, progress is constrained by the scarcity of high-quality labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kaden Stillwagon , Alexandra Dunnum VandeLoo , Benjamin Magondu , Craig R. Forest

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical decision-making, but the scarcity of annotated data presents significant challenges. Few-shot segmentation (FSS) methods show promise but often require training on the target domain and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Lin Zhao , Xiao Chen , Eric Z. Chen , Yikang Liu , Terrence Chen , Shanhui Sun

Deep learning-based automatic medical image segmentation plays a critical role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning but remains challenging in few-shot scenarios due to the scarcity of annotated training data. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Guoping Xu , Jayaram K. Udupa , Weiguo Lu , You Zhang

Intra-operative ultrasound is an increasingly important imaging modality in neurosurgery. However, manual interaction with imaging data during the procedures, for example to select landmarks or perform segmentation, is difficult and can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Julia Rackerseder , Rüdiger Göbl , Nassir Navab , Christoph Hennersperger

Accurate and computationally efficient 3D medical image segmentation remains a critical challenge in clinical workflows. Transformer-based architectures often demonstrate superior global contextual modeling but at the expense of excessive…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Kavyansh Tyagi , Vishwas Rathi , Puneet Goyal

Adapting foundation models to medical segmentation typically requires either backbone fine-tuning or high-capacity task-specific decoders, both of which are difficult to fit reliably when annotations are scarce. We show that frozen DINOv3…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Wei Jiang , Feng Liu , Nan Ye , Hongfu Sun

Accurate segmentation of organs and tumors in CT and MRI scans is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. While deep learning has advanced automated segmentation, most models remain task-specific, lacking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yuheng Li , Yizhou Wu , Yuxiang Lai , Mingzhe Hu , Xiaofeng Yang

Anomaly detection and classification in medical imaging are critical for early diagnosis but remain challenging due to limited annotated data, class imbalance, and the high cost of expert labeling. Emerging vision foundation models such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Fazle Rafsani , Jay Shah , Catherine D. Chong , Todd J. Schwedt , Teresa Wu

The scarcity and high cost of expert annotations in dental imaging present a significant challenge for the development of AI in dentistry. DINOv3, a state-of-the-art, self-supervised vision foundation model pre-trained on 1.7 billion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kun Tang , Xinquan Yang , Mianjie Zheng , Xuefen Liu , Xuguang Li , Xiaoqi Guo , Ruihan Chen , Linlin Shen , He Meng

We present a semi-supervised framework for joint segmentation and classification of fetal cardiac ultrasound images. Built upon the EchoCare multi-task backbone, our method integrates SAM-Med2D for boundary refinement and leverages DINOv3…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Tonghao Zhuang , Shanglong Hu , Yongsheng Luo , Zhiqi Zhang , Yu Li

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has become a promising solution to alleviate the annotation burden of deep learning-based medical image segmentation models. While recent advances in foundation model-driven SSL have pushed the boundary to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yichi Zhang , Le Xue , Bichun Xu , Judong Luo , Zhigang Wu , Yu Fu , Zixin Hu , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

Obtaining pixel-level annotations in the medical domain is both expensive and time-consuming, often requiring close collaboration between clinical experts and developers. Semi-supervised medical image segmentation aims to leverage limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lin Xi , Yingliang Ma , Cheng Wang , Sandra Howell , Aldo Rinaldi , Kawal S. Rhode

Medical image segmentation is a key task in the imaging workflow, influencing many image-based decisions. Traditional, fully-supervised segmentation models rely on large amounts of labeled training data, typically obtained through manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Tyler Ward , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran

Despite that deep learning has achieved state-of-the-art performance for medical image segmentation, its success relies on a large set of manually annotated images for training that are expensive to acquire. In this paper, we propose an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-01 Lu Wang , Dong Guo , Guotai Wang , Shaoting Zhang

High-quality pixel-level annotations of medical images are essential for supervised segmentation tasks, but obtaining such annotations is costly and requires medical expertise. To address this challenge, we propose a novel coarse-to-fine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Anghong Du , Nay Aung , Theodoros N. Arvanitis , Stefan K. Piechnik , Joao A C Lima , Steffen E. Petersen , Le Zhang

Understanding a surgical scene is crucial for computer-assisted surgery systems to provide any intelligent assistance functionality. One way of achieving this scene understanding is via scene segmentation, where every pixel of a frame is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Alexander C. Jenke , Sebastian Bodenstedt , Fiona R. Kolbinger , Marius Distler , Jürgen Weitz , Stefanie Speidel

The advent of large-scale vision foundation models, pre-trained on diverse natural images, has marked a paradigm shift in computer vision. However, how the frontier vision foundation models' efficacies transfer to specialised domains such…

We propose a novel approach that adapts hierarchical vision foundation models for real-time ultrasound image segmentation. Existing ultrasound segmentation methods often struggle with adaptability to new tasks, relying on costly manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xiaoran Zhang , Eric Z. Chen , Lin Zhao , Xiao Chen , Yikang Liu , Boris Maihe , James S. Duncan , Terrence Chen , Shanhui Sun
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