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Sample selection is a prevalent method in learning with noisy labels, where small-loss data are typically considered as correctly labeled data. However, this method may not effectively identify clean hard examples with large losses, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Suqin Yuan , Lei Feng , Tongliang Liu

Temporal logic rules are often used in control and robotics to provide structured, human-interpretable descriptions of trajectory data. These rules have numerous applications including safety validation using formal methods, constraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Emi Soroka , Rohan Sinha , Sanjay Lall

Many physical systems have underlying safety considerations that require that the policy employed ensures the satisfaction of a set of constraints. The analytical formulation usually takes the form of a Constrained Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Aria HasanzadeZonuzy , Archana Bura , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) learns to make decisions on multiple levels of temporal abstraction. A key challenge in HRL is that the low-level policy changes over time, making it difficult for the high-level policy to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Vivienne Huiling Wang , Tinghuai Wang , Joni Pajarinen

Continually solving new, unsolved tasks is the key to learning diverse behaviors. Through reinforcement learning (RL), we have made massive strides towards solving tasks that have a single goal. However, in the multi-task domain, where an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Yunzhi Zhang , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto

With a handful of demonstration examples, large-scale language models show strong capability to perform various tasks by in-context learning from these examples, without any fine-tuning. We demonstrate that in-context learning performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Yiming Zhang , Shi Feng , Chenhao Tan

In many RL applications, ensuring an agent's actions adhere to constraints is crucial for safety. Most previous methods in Action-Constrained Reinforcement Learning (ACRL) employ a projection layer after the policy network to correct the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Janaka Chathuranga Brahmanage , Jiajing Ling , Akshat Kumar

A pervasive challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is the "curse of dimensionality" which is the exponential growth in the state-action space when optimizing a high-dimensional target task. The framework of curriculum learning trains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Mingxuan Li , Junzhe Zhang , Elias Bareinboim

We study the problem of predicting and controlling the future state distribution of an autonomous agent. This problem, which can be viewed as a reframing of goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (RL), is centered around learning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

Large language models (LLMs) can learn from a few demonstrations provided at inference time. We study this in-context learning phenomenon through the lens of Gaussian Processes (GPs). We build controlled experiments where models observe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Elif Akata , Konstantinos Voudouris , Vincent Fortuin , Eric Schulz

This paper presents the concept of an adaptive safe padding that forces Reinforcement Learning (RL) to synthesise optimal control policies while ensuring safety during the learning process. Policies are synthesised to satisfy a goal,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Alessandro Abate , Daniel Kroening

Behavior cloning provides strong imitation learning guarantees when training and test environments share the same dynamics. However, in many deployment settings the test environment's transitions differ from training, and classical offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Surbhi Goel , Jonathan Pei , James Wang

In a classical optimal stopping problem the aim is to maximize the expected value of a functional of a diffusion evaluated at a stopping time. This note considers optimal stopping problems beyond this paradigm. We study problems in which…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Vicky Henderson , David Hobson , Matthew Zeng

With the increasing ability of large language models (LLMs), in-context learning (ICL) has evolved as a new paradigm for natural language processing (NLP), where instead of fine-tuning the parameters of an LLM specific to a downstream task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Andrew Parry , Debasis Ganguly , Manish Chandra

Sequential estimation of a vector of linear regression coefficients is considered under both centralized and decentralized setups. In sequential estimation, the number of observations used for estimation is determined by the observed…

Applications · Statistics 2014-12-18 Yasin Yilmaz , George V. Moustakides , Xiaodong Wang

Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In-context learning (ICL) of large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention in the community where LLMs make predictions only based on instructions augmented with a few examples. Existing example selection methods for ICL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Haowei Du , Dongyan Zhao

Graph Self-Supervised Learning (GSSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for generating high-quality representations for graph-structured data. While multi-scale graph contrastive learning has received increasing attention, many existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mohamed Mahmoud Amar , Nairouz Mrabah , Mohamed Bouguessa , Abdoulaye Baniré Diallo

Deploying reinforcement learning policies in the real world requires adapting to time-varying environments. We study this problem in the contextual Markov Decision Process (cMDP) framework, where a family of environments is indexed by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Param Budhraja , Aditya Gangrade , Alex Olshevsky , Venkatesh Saligrama

To take unit commitment (UC) decisions under uncertain net load, most studies utilize a stochastic UC (SUC) model that adopts a one-size-fits-all representation of uncertainty. Disregarding contextual information such as weather forecasts…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Ogun Yurdakul , Feng Qiu , Sahin Albayrak
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