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Agent memory shapes how Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, akin to the human brain, progressively refine themselves through environment interactions. Existing paradigms remain constrained: parametric memory forcibly adjusts model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guibin Zhang , Muxin Fu , Shuicheng Yan

To tackle long-context reasoning tasks without the quadratic complexity of standard attention mechanisms, approaches based on agent memory have emerged, which typically maintain a dynamically updated memory when linearly processing document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Baibei Ji , Xiaoyang Weng , Juntao Li , Zecheng Tang , Yihang Lou , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents excel at diverse tasks, yet they suffer from brittle procedural memory that is manually engineered or entangled in static parameters. In this work, we investigate strategies to endow agents with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Runnan Fang , Yuan Liang , Xiaobin Wang , Jialong Wu , Shuofei Qiao , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Despite improvements by length extrapolation, efficient attention and memory modules, handling infinitely long documents with linear complexity without performance degradation during extrapolation remains the ultimate challenge in long-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Hongli Yu , Tinghong Chen , Jiangtao Feng , Jiangjie Chen , Weinan Dai , Qiying Yu , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Jingjing Liu , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou

In agent memory systems, the reranking model serves as the critical bridge connecting user queries with long-term memory. Most systems adopt the "retrieve-then-rerank" two-stage paradigm, but generic reranking models rely on semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Chunyu Li , Mengyuan Zhang , Jingyi Kang , Ding Chen , Jiajun Shen , Bo Tang , Xuanhe Zhou , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

Large language model (LLM) agents require long-term memory to leverage information from past interactions. However, existing memory systems often face a fidelity--efficiency trade-off: raw dialogue histories are expensive, while flat facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wentao Qiu , Haotian Hu , Fanyi Wang , Jinwei Kong , Yu Zhang

Complex reasoning in tool-augmented agent frameworks is inherently long-horizon, causing reasoning traces and transient tool artifacts to accumulate and strain the bounded working context of large language models. Without explicit memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hongjin Qian , Zhao Cao , Zheng Liu

Procedural memory enables large language model (LLM) agents to internalize "how-to" knowledge, theoretically reducing redundant trial-and-error. However, existing frameworks predominantly suffer from a "passive accumulation" paradigm,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zouying Cao , Jiaji Deng , Li Yu , Weikang Zhou , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding , Hai Zhao

Equipping agents with memory is essential for solving real-world long-horizon problems. However, most existing agent memory mechanisms rely on static and hand-crafted workflows. This limits the performance and generalization ability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yupeng Huo , Yaxi Lu , Zhong Zhang , Haotian Chen , Yankai Lin

Long-running AI agents need persistent memory. Memory supports learning across sessions, reduces repeated context injection, and enables auditing of past decisions. Current agent memory systems and database paradigms treat memory as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abdelghny Orogat , Essam Mansour

In the current field of agent memory, extensive explorations have been conducted in the area of memory retrieval, yet few studies have focused on exploring the memory content. Most research simply stores summarized versions of historical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Gaoke Zhang , Bo Wang , Yunlong Ma , Dongming Zhao , Zifei Yu

Effective memory management is essential for large language model (LLM) agents handling long-term interactions. Current memory frameworks typically treat agents as passive "recorders" and retrieve information without understanding its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xiaohui Zhang , Zequn Sun , Chengyuan Yang , Yaqin Jin , Yazhong Zhang , Wei Hu

Despite rapid progress in large-scale language and vision models, AI agents still suffer from a fundamental limitation: they cannot remember. Without reliable memory, agents catastrophically forget past experiences, struggle with…

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

Large language models (LLMs) excel at many NLP tasks but struggle to sustain long-term interactions due to limited attention over extended dialogue histories. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this issue but lacks reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Chunliang Chen , Ming Guan , Xiao Lin , Jiaxu Li , Luxi Lin , Qiyi Wang , Xiangyu Chen , Jixiang Luo , Changzhi Sun , Dell Zhang , Xuelong Li

Memory-Augmented Generation (MAG) extends large language models with external memory to support long-context reasoning, but existing approaches universally treat memory as an external service that agents call into, delegating storage to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Andy Nguyen , Danh Doan , Hoang Pham , Bao Ha , Dat Pham , Linh Nguyen , Hieu Nguyen , Thien Nguyen , Cuong Do , Phat Nguyen , Toan Nguyen

Multimodal large language models are increasingly deployed as long-horizon agents, where memory must do more than recall: it must track an evolving world, revise what has gone stale, and surface the right evidence at decision time. Existing…

Long-term memory is crucial for agents in specialized web environments, where success depends on recalling interface affordances, state dynamics, workflows, and recurring failure modes. However, existing memory benchmarks for agents mostly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Di Wu , Zixiang Ji , Asmi Kawatkar , Bryan Kwan , Jia-Chen Gu , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Memory is a central capability for LLM agents operating across long-horizon tasks. Existing memory benchmarks predominantly evaluate retention of personalized information in multi-turn chat scenarios, overlooking the dynamic memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Wujiang Xu , Yu Wang , Kai Mei , Kaiqu Liang , Zhenting Wang , Mingyu Jin , Han Zhang , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Wenyue Hua , Sambit Sahu , Dimitris N. Metaxas
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