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As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from static dialogue interfaces to autonomous general agents, effective memory is paramount to ensuring long-term consistency. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on casual conversation or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Haonan Bian , Zhiyuan Yao , Sen Hu , Zishan Xu , Shaolei Zhang , Yifu Guo , Ziliang Yang , Xueran Han , Huacan Wang , Ronghao Chen

Evaluating the abilities of large language models (LLMs) for tasks that require long-term memory and thus long-context reasoning, for example in conversational settings, is hampered by the existing benchmarks, which often lack narrative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mohammad Tavakoli , Alireza Salemi , Carrie Ye , Mohamed Abdalla , Hamed Zamani , J Ross Mitchell

Memory plays a key role in enhancing LLMs' performance when deployed to real-world applications. Existing solutions face trade-offs: explicit memory designs based on external storage require complex management and incur storage overhead,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xiaoqiang Wang , Suyuchen Wang , Yun Zhu , Bang Liu

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational and memory constraints when processing long contexts, despite growing demand for applications requiring reasoning over extensive documents, multi-session dialogues, and book length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chandra Vamsi Krishna Alla , Harish Naidu Gaddam , Manohar Kommi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made extraordinary progress in the field of Artificial Intelligence and have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a large variety of tasks and domains. However, as we venture closer to creating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Brandon Kynoch , Hugo Latapie , Dwane van der Sluis

Large Language Model (LLM) agents exhibit remarkable conversational and reasoning capabilities but remain constrained by limited context windows and the lack of persistent memory. Recent efforts address these limitations via external memory…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Zhengjun Huang , Zhoujin Tian , Qintian Guo , Fangyuan Zhang , Yingli Zhou , Di Jiang , Zeying Xie , Xiaofang Zhou

Memory emerges as the core module in the large language model (LLM)-based agents for long-horizon complex tasks (e.g., multi-turn dialogue, game playing, scientific discovery), where memory can enable knowledge accumulation, iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yanchen Wu , Tenghui Lin , Yingli Zhou , Fangyuan Zhang , Qintian Guo , Xun Zhou , Sibo Wang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Although long-term memory systems have made substantial progress in recent years, they still exhibit clear limitations in adaptability, scalability, and self-evolution under continuous interaction settings. Inspired by cognitive theories,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ningning Zhang , Xingxing Yang , Zhizhong Tan , Weiping Deng , Wenyong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of NLP tasks, but they remain fundamentally stateless, constrained by limited context windows that hinder long-horizon reasoning. Recent efforts to…

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as the central control unit of AI agents, yet current approaches remain limited in their ability to deliver personalized interactions. While Retrieval Augmented Generation enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rebecca Westhäußer , Wolfgang Minker , Sebatian Zepf

Despite recent advances in understanding and leveraging long-range conversational memory, existing benchmarks still lack systematic evaluation of large language models(LLMs) across diverse memory dimensions, particularly in multi-session…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ye Shen , Dun Pei , Yiqiu Guo , Junying Wang , Yijin Guo , Zicheng Zhang , Qi Jia , Jun Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as intelligent agents that reason, plan, and interact with their environments. To effectively scale to long-horizon scenarios, a key capability for such agents is a memory mechanism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yuyang Hu , Jiongnan Liu , Jiejun Tan , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Recent advances in persona-centric memory have revealed the powerful capability of multi-agent systems in managing persona memory, especially in conversational scenarios. However, these complex frameworks often suffer from information loss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qi Zhang , Shen Huang , Chu Liu , Shouqing Yang , Junbo Zhao , Haobo Wang , Pengjun Xie

Modern language agents must operate over long-horizon, multi-turn interactions, where they retrieve external information, adapt to observations, and answer interdependent queries. Yet, most LLM systems rely on full-context prompting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zijian Zhou , Ao Qu , Zhaoxuan Wu , Sunghwan Kim , Alok Prakash , Daniela Rus , Jinhua Zhao , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Paul Pu Liang

Effectively processing long contexts remains a fundamental yet unsolved challenge for large language models (LLMs). Existing single-LLM-based methods primarily reduce the context window or optimize the attention mechanism, but they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yichen Jiang , Jiakang Yuan , Chongjun Tu , Peng Ye , Tao Chen

Lifelong interactive agents are expected to assist users over months or years, which requires continually writing long term memories while retrieving the right evidence for each new query under fixed context and latency budgets. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Can Lv , Heng Chang , Yuchen Guo , Shengyu Tao , Shiji Zhou