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Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) automates the identification of unusual events, such as security threats in surveillance videos. In real-world applications, VAD models must effectively operate in cross-domain settings, identifying rare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Yashika Jain , Ali Dabouei , Min Xu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful open-set reasoners, yet their direct use as anomaly detectors in video surveillance is fragile: without calibrated anomaly priors, they alternate between missed detections and hallucinated false…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Mohamed Eltahir , Ahmed O. Ibrahim , Obada Siralkhatim , Tabarak Abdallah , Sondos Mohamed

Understanding long videos with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remains challenging due to the heavy redundancy across frames and the need for temporally coherent representations. Existing static strategies, such as sparse sampling,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Naishan Zheng , Jie Huang , Qingpei Guo , Feng Zhao

Log anomaly detection (LAD) is essential to ensure safe and stable operation of software systems. Although current LAD methods exhibit significant potential in addressing challenges posed by unstable log events and temporal sequence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jiyu Tian , Mingchu Li , Zumin Wang , Liming Chen , Jing Qin , Runfa Zhang

Semi-supervised video anomaly detection methods face two critical challenges: (1) Strong generalization blurs the boundary between normal and abnormal patterns. Although existing approaches attempt to alleviate this issue using memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Juntong Li , Lingwei Dang , Qingxin Xiao , Shishuo Shang , Jiajia Cheng , Haomin Wu , Yun Hao , Qingyao Wu

Recent efforts towards video anomaly detection (VAD) try to learn a deep autoencoder to describe normal event patterns with small reconstruction errors. The video inputs with large reconstruction errors are regarded as anomalies at the test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Yuandu Lai , Yahong Han , Yaowei Wang

Anomaly detection has attracted considerable search attention. However, existing anomaly detection databases encounter two major problems. Firstly, they are limited in scale. Secondly, training sets contain only video-level labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Boyang Wan , Wenhui Jiang , Yuming Fang , Zhiyuan Luo , Guanqun Ding

The widespread implementation of urban surveillance systems has necessitated more sophisticated techniques for anomaly detection to ensure enhanced public safety. This paper presents a significant advancement in the field of anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Sareh Soltani Nejad , Anwar Haque

The detection of anomalies in non-stationary time-series streams is a critical but challenging task across numerous industrial and scientific domains. Traditional models, trained offline, suffer significant performance degradation when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Ashok Devireddy , Shunping Huang

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Nicolas Pinon , Carole Lartizien

Expressway video anomaly detection is essential for safety management. However, identifying anomalies across diverse scenes remains challenging, particularly for far-field targets exhibiting subtle abnormal vehicle motions. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xiaowei Mao , Bowen Sui , Weijie Zhang , Yawen Yang , Shengnan Guo , Shilong Zhao , Jiaqi Lin , Tingrui Wu , Youfang Lin , Huaiyu Wa

Episodic memory retrieval enables wearable cameras to recall objects or events previously observed in video. However, existing formulations assume an "offline" setting with full video access at query time, limiting their applicability in…

Video anomaly detection (VAD) has rapidly advanced by recent development of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). While these models offer superior zero-shot detection capabilities, their immense computational cost and unstable visual grounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yue Zheng , Xiufang Shi , Jiming Chen , Yuanchao Shu

While streaming omni-video understanding demands continuous perception and proactive, real-time interaction, this crucial area remains largely under-explored. Current omni-modal methods are inherently designed for offline settings, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ming Xie , Zizheng Huang , Xudong Tan , Chao Wang , Xiangyu Zeng , Wenxiao Wu , Tao Chen , Limin Wang , Yanwei Fu

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is an open-set recognition task, which is usually formulated as a one-class classification (OCC) problem, where training data is comprised of videos with normal instances while test data contains both normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Ayush K. Rai , Tarun Krishna , Feiyan Hu , Alexandru Drimbarean , Kevin McGuinness , Alan F. Smeaton , Noel E. O'Connor

The collection and detection of video anomaly data has long been a challenging problem due to its rare occurrence and spatio-temporal scarcity. Existing video anomaly detection (VAD) methods under perform in open-world scenarios. Key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zunkai Dai , Ke Li , Jiajia Liu , Jie Yang , Yuanyuan Qiao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable progress in video understanding. However, their effectiveness in real-time streaming scenarios remains limited due to storage constraints of historical visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiangyu Zeng , Kefan Qiu , Qingyu Zhang , Xinhao Li , Jing Wang , Jiaxin Li , Ziang Yan , Kun Tian , Meng Tian , Xinhai Zhao , Yi Wang , Limin Wang

Recent years have witnessed the dramatic growth of Internet video traffic, where the video bitstreams are often compressed and delivered in low quality to fit the streamer's uplink bandwidth. To alleviate the quality degradation, it comes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-09 Qihua Zhou , Ruibin Li , Song Guo , Peiran Dong , Yi Liu , Jingcai Guo , Zhenda Xu

Video anomaly detection (VAD) is crucial for intelligent surveillance, but a significant challenge lies in identifying complex anomalies, which are events defined by intricate relationships and temporal dependencies among multiple entities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mohammad Mahdi Hemmatyar , Mahdi Jafari , Mohammad Amin Yousefi , Mohammad Reza Nemati , Mobin Azadani , Hamid Reza Rastad , Amirmohammad Akbari

Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) is an emerging AD paradigm. Unlike the traditional unsupervised AD setting that requires a large number of normal samples to train a model, ZSAD is more practical for handling data-restricted real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiacong Xu , Shao-Yuan Lo , Bardia Safaei , Vishal M. Patel , Isht Dwivedi