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In recent years, the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence technology has significantly lowered the barrier to creating high-quality fake images, posing a serious challenge to information authenticity and credibility.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haifeng Zhang , Qinghui He , Xiuli Bi , Bo Liu , Chi-Man Pun , Bin Xiao

Current researches on Deepfake forensics often treat detection as a classification task or temporal forgery localization problem, which are usually restrictive, time-consuming, and challenging to scale for large datasets. To resolve these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wenbo Xu , Junyan Wu , Wei Lu , Xiangyang Luo , Qian Wang

Deepfake audio presents a growing threat to digital security, due to its potential for social engineering, fraud, and identity misuse. However, existing detection models suffer from poor generalization across datasets, due to implicit…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yasaman Ahmadiadli , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Naimul Khan

Previous deepfake detection methods mostly depend on low-level textural features vulnerable to perturbations and fall short of detecting unseen forgery methods. In contrast, high-level semantic features are less susceptible to perturbations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Ziyuan Fang , Hanqing Zhao , Tianyi Wei , Wenbo Zhou , Ming Wan , Zhanyi Wang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

The rapid evolution of deep generative models poses a critical challenge to deepfake detection, as detectors trained on forgery-specific artifacts often suffer significant performance degradation when encountering unseen forgeries. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mengyu Qiao , Runze Tian , Yang Wang

Generative models achieve remarkable results in multiple data domains, including images and texts, among other examples. Unfortunately, malicious users exploit synthetic media for spreading misinformation and disseminating deepfakes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Tom Or , Omri Azencot

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is crucial for securing face recognition systems against presentation attacks. With advancements in sensor manufacture and multi-modal learning techniques, many multi-modal FAS approaches have emerged. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xun Lin , Shuai Wang , Rizhao Cai , Yizhong Liu , Ying Fu , Zitong Yu , Wenzhong Tang , Alex Kot

Although effective deepfake detection models have been developed in recent years, recent studies have revealed that these models can result in unfair performance disparities among demographic groups, such as race and gender. This can lead…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-03 Li Lin , Xinan He , Yan Ju , Xin Wang , Feng Ding , Shu Hu

With the rising prevalence of deepfakes, there is a growing interest in developing generalizable detection methods for various types of deepfakes. While effective in their specific modalities, traditional detection methods fall short in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Cai Yu , Shan Jia , Xiaomeng Fu , Jin Liu , Jiahe Tian , Jiao Dai , Xi Wang , Siwei Lyu , Jizhong Han

Various deepfake detectors have been proposed, but challenges still exist to detect images of unknown categories or GAN models outside of the training settings. Such issues arise from the overfitting issue, which we discover from our own…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Yonghyun Jeong , Doyeon Kim , Youngmin Ro , Jongwon Choi

The emergence of deepfake technologies has become a matter of social concern as they pose threats to individual privacy and public security. It is now of great significance to develop reliable deepfake detectors. However, with numerous face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Liang Shi , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan

Existing methods for deepfake detection aim to develop generalizable detectors. Although "generalizable" is the ultimate target once and for all, with limited training forgeries and domains, it appears idealistic to expect generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jikang Cheng , Renye Yan , Zhiyuan Yan , Yaozhong Gan , Xueyi Zhang , Zhongyuan Wang , Wei Peng , Ling Liang

As synthetic media, including video, audio, and text, become increasingly indistinguishable from real content, the risks of misinformation, identity fraud, and social manipulation escalate. This survey traces the evolution of deepfake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Ping Liu , Qiqi Tao , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Recent advancements in DeepFake generation, along with the proliferation of open-source tools, have significantly lowered the barrier for creating synthetic media. This trend poses a serious threat to the integrity and authenticity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Spiros Baxavanakis , Manos Schinas , Symeon Papadopoulos

Deepfakes are realistic face manipulations that can pose serious threats to security, privacy, and trust. Existing methods mostly treat this task as binary classification, which uses digital labels or mask signals to train the detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ke Sun , Shen Chen , Taiping Yao , Haozhe Yang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Shouhong Ding , Rongrong Ji

Deepfake videos present an increasing threat to society with potentially negative impact on criminal justice, democracy, and personal safety and privacy. Meanwhile, detecting deepfakes, at scale, remains a very challenging task that often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Mulin Tian , Mahyar Khayatkhoei , Joe Mathai , Wael AbdAlmageed

Detecting deepfakes has been an increasingly important topic, especially given the rapid development of AI generation techniques. In this paper, we ask: How can we build a universal detection framework that is effective for most facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Long Ma , Zhiyuan Yan , Jin Xu , Yize Chen , Qinglang Guo , Zhen Bi , Yong Liao , Hui Lin

The recent wave of AI research has enabled a new brand of synthetic media, called deepfakes. Deepfakes have impressive photorealism, which has generated exciting new use cases but also raised serious threats to our increasingly digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Nikolaos Giatsoglou , Symeon Papadopoulos , Ioannis Kompatsiaris

Deepfake technology has raised concerns about the authenticity of digital content, necessitating the development of effective detection methods. However, the widespread availability of deepfakes has given rise to a new challenge in the form…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Sarwar Khan

Multi-modal learning has achieved remarkable success by integrating information from various modalities, achieving superior performance in tasks like recognition and retrieval compared to uni-modal approaches. However, real-world scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , Zhuo Huang , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua