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As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes an integral part of critical infrastructure and commercial services, runtime firmware attestation of constituent Micro-Controllers (MCUs) has become instrumental in maintaining security and trust.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Varun Kohli , Biplab Sikdar

The accelerating adoption of large language models, retrieval-augmented generation pipelines, and multi-agent AI workflows has created a structural governance crisis. Organizations cannot govern what they cannot see, and existing compliance…

As the "agentic web" takes shape-billions of AI agents (often LLM-powered) autonomously transacting and collaborating-trust shifts from human oversight to protocol design. In 2025, several inter-agent protocols crystallized this shift,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Botao 'Amber' Hu , Helena Rong

The risks of frontier AI may require international cooperation, which in turn may require verification: checking that all parties follow agreed-on rules. For instance, states might need to verify that powerful AI models are widely deployed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mauricio Baker , Gabriel Kulp , Oliver Marks , Miles Brundage , Lennart Heim

When large AI models are deployed as cloud-based services, clients have no guarantee that responses are correct or were produced by the intended model. Rerunning inference locally is infeasible for large models, and existing cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pranay Anchuri , Matteo Campanelli , Paul Cesaretti , Rosario Gennaro , Tushar M. Jois , Hasan S. Kayman , Tugce Ozdemir

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integral to critical infrastructure and global operations, the need for a unified, trustworthy governance framework is more urgent that ever. This paper proposes a novel approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Vikram Kulothungan

Our computing ecosystem is being transformed by two emerging paradigms: the increased deployment of agentic AI systems and advancements in quantum computing. With respect to agentic AI systems, one of the most critical problems is creating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sepideh Avizheh , Tushin Mallick , Alina Oprea , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Reihaneh Safavi-Naini

The rise of autonomous AI agents and the accelerating velocity of corporate data access are stretching the application-centric model of zero trust security to its breaking point. This paper introduces Beyond Zero, a new security paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Joseph Valente , Michal Zalewski

Autonomous AI agents increasingly issue side-effect-bearing actions: database mutations, refunds, payments, external commitments. We propose the Actuarial Action Interface (AAI), a deterministic runtime contract that prices each such action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hao-Hsuan Chen

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

The governance of frontier AI increasingly relies on controlling access to computational resources, yet the hardware-level mechanisms invoked by policy proposals remain largely unexamined from an engineering perspective. This paper bridges…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Samar Ansari

In collaborative systems with complex tasks relying on distributed resources, trust evaluation of potential collaborators has emerged as an effective mechanism for task completion. However, due to the network dynamics and varying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Botao Zhu , Xianbin Wang , Lei Zhang , Xuemin , Shen

The malicious use or malfunction of advanced general-purpose AI (GPAI) poses risks that, according to leading experts, could lead to the 'marginalisation or extinction of humanity.' To address these risks, there are an increasing number of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Rebecca Scholefield , Samuel Martin , Otto Barten

AI agents increasingly act through external tools: they query databases, execute shell commands, read and write files, and send network requests. Yet in most current agent stacks, model-generated tool calls are handed to the execution layer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Aojie Yuan , Zhiyuan Su , Yue Zhao

Following the AI Seoul Summit in 2024, twelve AI companies published frontier AI safety frameworks (Frameworks) outlining their approaches to managing catastrophic risks from advanced AI systems. Emerging legislation increasingly treats…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Lily Stelling , Malcolm Murray , Bruno Galizzi , Max Schaffelder , Siméon Campos , Henry Papadatos

This paper introduces the Human-AI Governance (HAIG) framework, contributing to the AI Governance (AIG) field by foregrounding the relational dynamics between human and AI actors rather than treating AI systems as objects of governance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zeynep Engin

The AI trustworthiness crisis threatens to derail the artificial intelligence revolution, with regulatory barriers, security vulnerabilities, and accountability gaps preventing deployment in critical domains. Current AI systems operate on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Vineeth Sai Narajala , Manish Bhatt , Idan Habler , Ronald F. Del Rosario , Ads Dawson

As autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) proliferate in high-stakes domains -- from pharmaceuticals to legal workflows -- the challenge is no longer just intelligence, but verifiability. We introduce TrustTrack, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Muyang Li

Autonomous AI agents powered by large language models are being deployed in production with capabilities including shell execution, file system access, database queries, and multi-party communication. Recent red teaming research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Saikat Maiti

Agentic AI systems, specifically LLM-driven agents that plan, invoke tools, maintain persistent memory, and delegate tasks to peer agents via protocols such as MCP and A2A, introduce a threat surface that differs materially from standalone…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Javad Forough , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi