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The ability of modeling the other agents, such as understanding their intentions and skills, is essential to an agent's interactions with other agents. Conventional agent modeling relies on passive observation from demonstrations. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Tianmin Shu , Caiming Xiong , Ying Nian Wu , Song-Chun Zhu

Agent-based modeling is a paradigm of modeling dynamic systems of interacting agents that are individually governed by specified behavioral rules. Training a model of such agents to produce an emergent behavior by specification of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Karan K. Budhraja , Hang Gao , Tim Oates

Proactive agents that anticipate user needs and autonomously execute tasks hold great promise as digital assistants, yet the lack of realistic user simulation frameworks hinders their development. Existing approaches model apps as flat…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Deepak Nathani , Cheng Zhang , Chang Huan , Jiaming Shan , Yinfei Yang , Alkesh Patel , Zhe Gan , William Yang Wang , Michael Saxon , Xin Eric Wang

Gradient-based learning in multi-agent systems is difficult because the gradient derives from a first-order model which does not account for the interaction between agents' learning processes. LOLA (arXiv:1709.04326) accounts for this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Tim Cooijmans , Milad Aghajohari , Aaron Courville

Motivation: Developing high-performing bioinformatics models typically requires repeated cycles of hypothesis formulation, architectural redesign, and empirical validation, making progress slow, labor-intensive, and difficult to reproduce.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Sunghyun Kim , Seokwoo Yun , Youngseo Yun , Youngrak Lee , Sangsoo Lim

Traditional neural network training typically follows fixed, predefined optimization recipes, lacking the flexibility to dynamically respond to instabilities or emerging training issues. In this paper, we introduce Interactive Training, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wentao Zhang , Yang Young Lu , Yuntian Deng

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents, often trained with Reinforcement Learning (RL), are constrained by a dependency on human-curated data, limiting scalability and tethering AI to human knowledge. Existing self-evolution frameworks offer an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Peng Xia , Kaide Zeng , Jiaqi Liu , Can Qin , Fang Wu , Yiyang Zhou , Caiming Xiong , Huaxiu Yao

Self-improvement requires robotic systems to initially learn from human-provided data and then gradually enhance their capabilities through interaction with the environment. This is similar to how humans improve their skills through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Yang Jin , Jun Lv , Wenye Yu , Hongjie Fang , Yong-Lu Li , Cewu Lu

Self-evolving agentic artificial intelligence (AI) offers a new paradigm for future wireless systems by enabling autonomous agents to continually adapt and improve without human intervention. Unlike static AI models, self-evolving agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Changyuan Zhao , Ruichen Zhang , Jiacheng Wang , Dusit Niyato , Geng Sun , Xianbin Wang , Shiwen Mao , Abbas Jamalipour

Multi-agent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), wherein each agent takes on a specific role, supports hard queries that require multiple steps and sources, or complex reasoning. Existing approaches, however, rely on static agent behaviors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Sha Li , Naren Ramakrishnan

Coding agents are rapidly changing the landscape of software development, moving from inline completion to autonomous systems that edit repositories, open pull requests, respond to issues, and run scheduled or webhook triggered routines…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Nghi D. Q. Bui , Georgios Evangelopoulos

Current context augmentation methods, such as retrieval-augmented generation, are essential for solving knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks. However, they typically adhere to a rigid, brute-force strategy that executes retrieval at every…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Rubing Chen , Jian Wang , Wenjie Li , Xiao-Yong Wei , Qing Li

Training reinforcement learning agents with human feedback is crucial when task objectives are difficult to specify through dense reward functions. While prior methods rely on offline trajectory comparisons to elicit human preferences, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zhengran Ji , Boyuan Chen

Effective tool use is essential for agentic AI, yet training agents to utilize tools remains challenging due to manually designed rewards, limited training data, and poor multi-tool selection, resulting in slow adaptation, wasted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Quy Minh Le , Minh Sao Khue Luu , Khanh-Tung Tran , Duc-Hai Nguyen , Hoang-Quoc-Viet Pham , Quan Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Hoang D. Nguyen

Large language models (LLMs) based Agents are increasingly pivotal in simulating and understanding complex human systems and interactions. We propose the AI-Agent School (AAS) system, built around a self-evolving mechanism that leverages…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sheng Jin , Haoming Wang , Zhiqi Gao , Yongbo Yang , Bao Chunjia , Chengliang Wang

The rapid shift from stateless large language models (LLMs) to autonomous, goal-driven agents raises a central question: When is agentic AI truly necessary? While agents enable multi-step reasoning, persistent memory, and tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Shubhi Asthana , Bing Zhang , Chad DeLuca , Ruchi Mahindru , Hima Patel

Biological agents have meaningful interactions with their environment despite the absence of immediate reward signals. In such instances, the agent can learn preferred modes of behaviour that lead to predictable states -- necessary for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Noor Sajid , Panagiotis Tigas , Alexey Zakharov , Zafeirios Fountas , Karl Friston

Training agents to communicate with one another given task-based supervision only has attracted considerable attention recently, due to the growing interest in developing models for human-agent interaction. Prior work on the topic focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Ben Bogin , Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

Interactive Machine Learning is concerned with creating systems that operate in environments alongside humans to achieve a task. A typical use is to extend or amplify the capabilities of a human in cognitive or physical ways, requiring the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Miguel Alonso

Proactive dialogue systems, related to a wide range of real-world conversational applications, equip the conversational agent with the capability of leading the conversation direction towards achieving pre-defined targets or fulfilling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Yang Deng , Wenqiang Lei , Wai Lam , Tat-Seng Chua