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Proof-of-Vulnerability (PoV) generation is a critical task in software security, serving as a cornerstone for vulnerability validation, false positive reduction, and patch verification. While directed fuzzing effectively drives path…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haoyu Li , Xijia Che , Yanhao Wang , Xiaojing Liao , Luyi Xing

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought remarkable progress in code understanding and reasoning, creating new opportunities and raising new concerns for software security. Among many downstream tasks, generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mengyao Zhao , Kaixuan Li , Lyuye Zhang , Wenjing Dang , Chenggong Ding , Sen Chen , Zheli Liu

While recent approaches leverage large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent pipelines to automatically generate proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits from vulnerability reports, existing systems often suffer from two fundamental limitations:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Phan The Duy , Khoa Ngo-Khanh , Nguyen Huu Quyen , Van-Hau Pham

Security vulnerabilities in software packages are a significant concern for developers and users alike. Patching these vulnerabilities in a timely manner is crucial to restoring the integrity and security of software systems. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Deniz Simsek , Aryaz Eghbali , Michael Pradel

Despite the critical threat posed by software security vulnerabilities, reports are often incomplete, lacking the proof-of-vulnerability (PoV) tests needed to validate fixes and prevent regressions. These tests are crucial not only for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Vikram Nitin , Baishakhi Ray , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Microarchitectural attacks continue to evolve, uncovering new exploitation vectors in modern processors. From a defensive perspective, assessing a system's susceptibility to such attacks remains challenging. Developing functional attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Debopriya Roy Dipta , Thore Tiemann , Eduard Marin , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Gulmezoglu

Recently Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used in security-related tasks, including generating proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits. Several LLM-assisted approaches have been proposed; they typically generate PoCs from vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Derin Gezgin , Amartya Das , Shinhae Kim , Zhengdong Huang , Nevena Stojkovic , Claire Wang

Automated vulnerability reproduction from CVE descriptions requires generating executable Proof-of-Concept (PoC) exploits and validating them in target environments. This process is critical in software security research and practice, yet…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bin Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Zhenpeng Chen , Guoai Xu , Haoyu Wang

While recent LLM-based agents can identify many candidate bugs in source code, their reports remain static hypotheses that require manual validation, limiting the practicality of automated bug detection. We frame this challenge as a test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zijie Zhao , Chenyuan Yang , Weidong Wang , Yihan Yang , Ziqi Zhang , Lingming Zhang

In industrial control systems, the generation and verification of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) code are critical for ensuring operational efficiency and safety. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have made strides in automated code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zihan Liu , Ruinan Zeng , Dongxia Wang , Gengyun Peng , Jingyi Wang , Qiang Liu , Peiyu Liu , Wenhai Wang

LLM Agents produce patches automatically to resolve an issue. However, they can generate inaccurate patches. Little is known about the root causes behind those failed patches or how those could be fixed. This paper reports an empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Issue resolution aims to automatically generate patches from given issue descriptions and has attracted significant attention with the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs). However, due to the complexity of software issues and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Shiqi Kuang , Zhao Tian , Kaiwei Lin , Chaofan Tao , Shaowei Wang , Haoli Bai , Lifeng Shang , Junjie Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automatically generate optimized CUDA kernels, substantially improving developer productivity. However, despite rapid generation, these kernels often contain subtle correctness bugs and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Bodhisatwa Chatterjee , Drew Zagieboylo , Sana Damani , Siva Hari , Christos Kozyrakis

Large language models (LLMs) have seen widespread success in code generation tasks for different scenarios, both everyday and professional. However current LLMs, despite producing functional code, do not prioritize security and may generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Rebecca Saul , Hao Wang , Koushik Sen , David Wagner

Automated theorem proving is fundamental to formal methods, and the recent trend is to integrate large language models (LLMs) and proof assistants to form effective proof agents. While existing proof agents show promising performance, they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yican Sun , Chengwei Shi , Hangzhou Lyu , Yingfei Xiong

Developing effective test cases capable of thoroughly exercising large-scale software systems is inherently difficult, especially if such systems have voluminous, complex, and deeply nested source codes. In this work, we present a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gourisetty Venkata Sai Koushik , Dama Aditya , Mahankali Harish Sai , Peddi Siddarhta , Shadab Ahmad , Vivek Yelleti

Based on their superior comprehension and reasoning capabilities, Large Language Model (LLM) driven agent frameworks have achieved significant success in numerous complex reasoning tasks. ReAct-like agents can solve various intricate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Guozhi Yuan , Youfeng Liu , Jingli Yang , Wei Jia , Kai Lin , Yansong Gao , Shan He , Zilin Ding , Haitao Li

Smart contracts are important for digital finance, yet they are hard to patch once deployed. Prior work has mainly explored LLMs for smart contract vulnerability detection, leaving end-to-end automated exploit generation (AEG) much less…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 ZeKe Xiao , Qin Wang , Yuekang Li , Shiping Chen

Smart contracts operate in a highly adversarial environment, where vulnerabilities can lead to substantial financial losses. Thus, smart contracts are subject to security audits. In auditing, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits play a critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Vivi Andersson , Sofia Bobadilla , Harald Hobbelhagen , Martin Monperrus

Autonomous, goal-driven agents powered by LLMs have recently emerged as promising tools for solving challenging problems without the need for task-specific finetuned models that can be expensive to procure. Currently, the design and…

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