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Multi-agent systems often require agents to collaborate with or compete against other agents with diverse goals, behaviors, or strategies. Agent modeling is essential when designing adaptive policies for intelligent machine agents in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Wenhao Ma , Yu-Cheng Chang , Jie Yang , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin

Answering complex, long-context questions remains a major challenge for large language models (LLMs) as it requires effective question clarifications and context retrieval. We propose Agentic Long-Context Understanding (AgenticLU), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yufan Zhuang , Xiaodong Yu , Jialian Wu , Ximeng Sun , Ze Wang , Jiang Liu , Yusheng Su , Jingbo Shang , Zicheng Liu , Emad Barsoum

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to interact with external environments (e.g., games, compilers, APIs) as goal-driven agents. However, it remains challenging for these language agents to quickly and efficiently learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Edward Berman , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of autonomous agents capable of complex reasoning and multi-step problem solving. However, these agents struggle to adapt to specialized environments and do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Marc-Antoine Allard , Arnaud Teinturier , Victor Xing , Gautier Viaud

Long-context modeling is one of the critical capabilities of language AI for digesting and reasoning over complex information pieces. In practice, long-context capabilities are typically built into a pre-trained language model~(LM) through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Luyu Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Jamie Callan

Current context augmentation methods, such as retrieval-augmented generation, are essential for solving knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks. However, they typically adhere to a rigid, brute-force strategy that executes retrieval at every…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Rubing Chen , Jian Wang , Wenjie Li , Xiao-Yong Wei , Qing Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a pivotal component of large language model (LLM) post-training, and agentic RL extends this paradigm to operate as agents through multi-turn interaction and tool use. Scaling such systems exposes two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zheyue Tan , Mustapha Abdullahi , Tuo Shi , Huining Yuan , Zelai Xu , Chao Yu , Boxun Li , Bo Zhao

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance human capabilities, assisting with digital tasks from sending emails to performing data analysis. The abilities of existing LLMs at such tasks are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hongjin Su , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Pengcheng Yin , Tao Yu , Sercan Ö. Arık

The popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) have unleashed a new age ofLanguage Agents for solving a diverse range of tasks. While contemporary frontier LLMs are capable enough to power reasonably good Language agents, the closed-API…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Priyanshu Gupta , Shashank Kirtania , Ananya Singha , Sumit Gulwani , Arjun Radhakrishna , Sherry Shi , Gustavo Soares

We investigate how agents built on pretrained large language models (LLMs) can learn target classification functions from labeled examples without parameter updates. While conventional approaches like fine-tuning are often costly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jackson Hassell , Dan Zhang , Hannah Kim , Tom Mitchell , Estevam Hruschka

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language tasks but are prone to hallucinations and outdated knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these by grounding LLMs in external knowledge. However, in complex domains involving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Peiran Zhou , Junnan Zhu , Yichen Shen , Ruoxi Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-horizon tasks due to the "context bottleneck" and the "lost-in-the-middle" phenomenon, where accumulated noise from verbose environments degrades reasoning over multi-turn interactions. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaozhe Li , Tianyi Lyu , Yizhao Yang , Liang Shan , Siyi Yang , Ligao Zhang , Zhuoyi Huang , Qingwen Liu , Yang Li

Rare, yet critical, scenarios pose a significant challenge in testing and evaluating autonomous driving planners. Relying solely on real-world driving scenes requires collecting massive datasets to capture these scenarios. While automatic…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various tasks, yet they often struggle with context-faithfulness generations that properly reflect contextual knowledge. While existing approaches focus on enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Xiaowei Yuan , Zhao Yang , Ziyang Huang , Yequan Wang , Siqi Fan , Yiming Ju , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for tutoring, feedback generation, and content creation, but their broad pretraining makes them hard to constrain and poor substitutes for controllable learners. Educational systems often require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hyeongdon Moon , Carolyn Rosé , John Stamper

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

The rapid progress in large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for novel approaches in knowledge-intensive tasks. Among these, Cache-Augmented Generation (CAG) has emerged as a promising alternative to Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Rishabh Agrawal , Himanshu Kumar

This work investigates retrieval augmented generation as an efficient strategy for automatic context discovery in context-aware Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system, in order to improve transcription accuracy in the presence of rare or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Dimitrios Siskos , Stavros Papadopoulos , Pablo Peso Parada , Jisi Zhang , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Anastasios Drosou

Large language models (LLMs) have the remarkable ability to solve new tasks with just a few examples, but they need access to the right tools. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this problem by retrieving a list of relevant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Raviteja Anantha , Tharun Bethi , Danil Vodianik , Srinivas Chappidi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising potential in the medical domain, assisting with tasks like clinical note generation and patient communication. However, current LLMs are limited to text-based communication, hindering their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yusheng Liao , Shuyang Jiang , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang