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Unlike popular modularized framework, end-to-end autonomous driving seeks to solve the perception, decision and control problems in an integrated way, which can be more adapting to new scenarios and easier to generalize at scale. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Jianyu Chen , Shengbo Eben Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Preserving model fidelity is essential for stealthy text-to-image (T2I) backdoor attacks. Existing methods such as Learning without Forgetting (LwF) rely on output-based distillation, which provides limited regularization. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lu Bowen , Xinyu Tang , Yin Yin Low , Shu-Min Leong

The safe deployment of autonomous driving (AD) systems is fundamentally hindered by the long-tail problem, where rare yet critical driving scenarios are severely underrepresented in real-world data. Existing solutions including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qimao Chen , Fang Li , Shaoqing Xu , Zhiyi Lai , Zixun Xie , Yuechen Luo , Shengyin Jiang , Hanbing Li , Long Chen , Bing Wang , Yi Zhang , Zhi-Xin Yang

Adversarial samples are perturbed inputs crafted to mislead the machine learning systems. A training mechanism, called adversarial training, which presents adversarial samples along with clean samples has been introduced to learn robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Vivek B. S. , Konda Reddy Mopuri , R. Venkatesh Babu

Most autonomous driving safety benchmarks use time-to-collision (TTC) to assess risk and guide safe behaviour. However, TTC-based methods treat risk as a one-dimensional closing problem, despite the inherently two-dimensional nature of…

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) has emerged as a trend in the field of autonomous driving, promising a data-driven, scalable approach to system design. However, existing E2E-AD methods usually adopt the sequential paradigm of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Xiaosong Jia , Junqi You , Zhiyuan Zhang , Junchi Yan

The paradigm of automated program generation is shifting from one-shot generation to inference-time search, where Large Language Models (LLMs) function as semantic mutation operators within evolutionary loops. While effective, these systems…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mert Cemri , Shubham Agrawal , Akshat Gupta , Shu Liu , Audrey Cheng , Qiuyang Mang , Ashwin Naren , Lutfi Eren Erdogan , Koushik Sen , Matei Zaharia , Alex Dimakis , Ion Stoica

Embodied agents struggle to generalize to new environments, even when those environments share similar underlying structures to their training settings. Most current approaches to generating these training environments follow an open-loop…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Teresa Yeo , Dulaj Weerakoon , Dulanga Weerakoon , Archan Misra

In autonomous driving, dynamic environment and corner cases pose significant challenges to the robustness of ego vehicle's state understanding and decision making. We introduce VDRive, a novel pipeline for end-to-end autonomous driving that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ziang Guo , Zufeng Zhang

Current alignment methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on compressing vast amounts of human preference data into static, absolute reward functions, leading to data scarcity, noise sensitivity, and training instability. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jing Zhao , Ting Zhen , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

In automated driving, predicting trajectories of surrounding vehicles supports reasoning about scene dynamics and enables safe planning for the ego vehicle. However, existing models handle predictions as an instantaneous task of forecasting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Steffen Hagedorn , Aron Distelzweig , Marcel Hallgarten , Alexandru P. Condurache

Modern autonomous driving systems are typically divided into three main tasks: perception, prediction, and planning. The planning task involves predicting the trajectory of the ego vehicle based on inputs from both internal intention and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jiang-Tian Zhai , Ze Feng , Jinhao Du , Yongqiang Mao , Jiang-Jiang Liu , Zichang Tan , Yifu Zhang , Xiaoqing Ye , Jingdong Wang

As research in deep neural networks advances, deep convolutional networks become promising for autonomous driving tasks. In particular, there is an emerging trend of employing end-to-end neural network models for autonomous driving.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Han Wu , Syed Yunas , Sareh Rowlands , Wenjie Ruan , Johan Wahlstrom

End-to-end autonomous driving has gained significant attention for its potential to learn robust behavior in interactive scenarios and scale with data. Popular architectures often build on separate modules for perception and planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 David Holtz , Niklas Hanselmann , Simon Doll , Marius Cordts , Bernt Schiele

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown considerable potential in autonomous driving (AD), yet its vulnerability to perturbations remains a critical barrier to real-world deployment. As a primary countermeasure, adversarial training improves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Qi Wei , Junchao Fan , Zhao Yang , Jianhua Wang , Jingkai Mao , Xiaolin Chang

Interaction between the background vehicles (BVs) and automated vehicles (AVs) in scenario-based testing plays a critical role in evaluating the intelligence of the AVs. Current testing scenarios typically employ predefined or scripted BVs,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Yining Ma , Wei Jiang , Lingtong Zhang , Junyi Chen , Hong Wang , Chen Lv , Xuesong Wang , Lu Xiong

We introduce EV3, a novel meta-optimization framework designed to efficiently train scalable machine learning models through an intuitive explore-assess-adapt protocol. In each iteration of EV3, we explore various model parameter updates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Li Ding , Masrour Zoghi , Guy Tennenholtz , Maryam Karimzadehgan

In the domain of audio-visual event perception, which focuses on the temporal localization and classification of events across distinct modalities (audio and visual), existing approaches are constrained by the vocabulary available in their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Eitan Shaar , Ariel Shaulov , Gal Chechik , Lior Wolf

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models excel at interpreting both images and text but remain vulnerable to multimodal adversarial examples (AEs). Advancing the generation of transferable AEs, which succeed across unseen models, is key to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Xiaojun Jia , Sensen Gao , Qing Guo , Ke Ma , Yihao Huang , Simeng Qin , Yang Liu , Ivor Tsang Fellow , Xiaochun Cao

Autonomous driving necessitates the ability to reason about future interactions between traffic agents and to make informed evaluations for planning. This paper introduces the \textit{Gen-Drive} framework, which shifts from the traditional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zhiyu Huang , Xinshuo Weng , Maximilian Igl , Yuxiao Chen , Yulong Cao , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone , Chen Lv