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We propose a novel federated learning paradigm to model data variability among heterogeneous clients in multi-centric studies. Our method is expressed through a hierarchical Bayesian latent variable model, where client-specific parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Irene Balelli , Santiago Silva , Marco Lorenzi

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in revolutionizing customer support and operations by integrating multiple modalities such as text, images, and audio. Federated Prompt Learning (FPL) is a recently proposed approach that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Linh Tran , Wei Sun , Stacy Patterson , Ana Milanova

This paper studies Federated Learning (FL) for binary classification of volatile financial market trends. Using a shared Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) classifier, we compare three scenarios: (i) a centralized model trained on the union of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Manuel Noseda , Alberto De Luca , Lukas Von Briel , Nathan Lacour

Federated foundation models represent a new paradigm to jointly fine-tune pre-trained foundation models across clients. It is still a challenge to fine-tune foundation models for a small group of new users or specialized scenarios, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yiyuan Yang , Guodong Long , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Jing Jiang

Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm designed to protect data privacy. However, data heterogeneity across various clients results in catastrophic forgetting, where the model rapidly forgets previous knowledge while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Pengju Wang , Bochao Liu , Weijia Guo , Yong Li , Shiming Ge

We propose a novel end-to-end privacy-preserving framework, instantiated by three efficient protocols for different deployment scenarios, covering both input and output privacy, for the vertically split scenario in federated learning (FL),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Shan Jin , Sai Rahul Rachuri , Yizhen Wang , Anderson C. A. Nascimento , Yiwei Cai

Federated Learning (FL) enables a large number of users to jointly learn a shared machine learning (ML) model, coordinated by a centralized server, where the data is distributed across multiple devices. This approach enables the server or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Kalikinkar Mandal , Guang Gong

Federated learning enables institutions to train predictive models collaboratively without sharing raw data, addressing privacy and regulatory constraints. In the standard horizontal setting, clients hold disjoint cohorts of individuals and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Alexis Ayme , Rémi Khellaf

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm that enables multiple parties to jointly re-train a shared model without sharing their data with any other parties, offering advantages in both scale and privacy. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Daniel Peterson , Pallika Kanani , Virendra J. Marathe

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized machine learning while preserving data privacy. This paper proposes a novel client selection framework that integrates differential privacy and fault tolerance. The adaptive client selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 William Marfo , Deepak K. Tosh , Shirley V. Moore

Recent advances in personalized federated learning have focused on addressing client model heterogeneity. However, most existing methods still require external data, rely on model decoupling, or adopt partial learning strategies, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chen Zhang , Husheng Li , Xiang Liu , Linshan Jiang , Danxin Wang

Calibrating machine learning models so that predicted probabilities better reflect the true outcome frequencies is crucial for reliable decision-making across many applications. In Federated Learning (FL), the goal is to train a global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Samuel Maddock , Graham Cormode , Carsten Maple

Real-world data is usually segmented by attributes and distributed across different parties. Federated learning empowers collaborative training without exposing local data or models. As we demonstrate through designed attacks, even with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Shuang Zhang , Liyao Xiang , Xi Yu , Pengzhi Chu , Yingqi Chen , Chen Cen , Li Wang

Federated learning enables multiple clients (institutions) to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. To address the challenge of data heterogeneity across clients, personalized federated learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Meilu Zhu , Yuxing Li , Zhiwei Wang , Edmund Y. Lam

Federated learning (FL) offers an innovative paradigm for collaborative model training across decentralized devices, such as smartphones, balancing enhanced predictive performance with the protection of user privacy in sensitive areas like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Mohammad Hasan Narimani , Mostafa Tavassolipour

This paper presents LDP-Fed, a novel federated learning system with a formal privacy guarantee using local differential privacy (LDP). Existing LDP protocols are developed primarily to ensure data privacy in the collection of single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Stacey Truex , Ling Liu , Ka-Ho Chow , Mehmet Emre Gursoy , Wenqi Wei

Federated learning enables training a global machine learning model from data distributed across multiple sites, without having to move the data. This is particularly relevant in healthcare applications, where data is rife with personal,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Olivia Choudhury , Aris Gkoulalas-Divanis , Theodoros Salonidis , Issa Sylla , Yoonyoung Park , Grace Hsu , Amar Das

Federated learning obtains a central model on the server by aggregating models trained locally on clients. As a result, federated learning does not require clients to upload their data to the server, thereby preserving the data privacy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Yang Chen , Xiaoyan Sun , Yaochu Jin

Data heterogeneity poses a fundamental challenge in federated learning (FL), especially when clients differ not only in distribution but also in the reliability of their predictions across individual examples. While personalized FL (PFL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Bharat Rao , Michael Kamp

We propose a general learning framework for the protection mechanisms that protects privacy via distorting model parameters, which facilitates the trade-off between privacy and utility. The algorithm is applicable to arbitrary privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xiaojin Zhang , Wenjie Li , Kai Chen , Shutao Xia , Qiang Yang