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Vulnerability detection is a critical problem in software security and attracts growing attention both from academia and industry. Traditionally, software security is safeguarded by designated rule-based detectors that heavily rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Tiehua Zhang , Rui Xu , Jianping Zhang , Yuze Liu , Xin Chen , Jun Yin , Xi Zheng

Security practitioners maintain vulnerability reports (e.g., GitHub Advisory) to help developers mitigate security risks. An important task for these databases is automatically extracting structured information mentioned in the report,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Tianyu Chen , Lin Li , Liuchuan Zhu , Zongyang Li , Xueqing Liu , Guangtai Liang , Qianxiang Wang , Tao Xie

With the advancement of deep learning (DL) in various fields, there are many attempts to reveal software vulnerabilities by data-driven approach. Nonetheless, such existing works lack the effective representation that can retain the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Vu Le Anh Quan , Chau Thuan Phat , Kiet Van Nguyen , Phan The Duy , Van-Hau Pham

The code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the field of software development. However, this advancement also presents significant security challenges, as LLM-generated code often contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rupam Patir , Keyan Guo , Haipeng Cai , Hongxin Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling applications from content generation to decision support. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves LLMs by incorporating external knowledge but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zirui Cheng , Jikai Sun , Anjun Gao , Yueyang Quan , Zhuqing Liu , Xiaohua Hu , Minghong Fang

Open-source libraries are widely used in modern software development, introducing significant security vulnerabilities. While static analysis tools can identify potential vulnerabilities at scale, they often generate overwhelming reports…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Siyi Chen , Tianhan Luo , Shijian Wu , Xiangyu Liu , Yilin Zhou , Qi Li , Wenyuan Xu

Vision-language models (VLMs) are essential for contextual understanding of both visual and textual information. However, their vulnerability to adversarially manipulated inputs presents significant risks, leading to compromised outputs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Xuefeng Du , Reshmi Ghosh , Robert Sim , Ahmed Salem , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Yixuan Li , Jack W. Stokes

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in open-source software (OSS) ecosystems, creating complex interactions among natural language prompts, probabilistic model outputs, and execution-capable components. However, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fariha Tanjim Shifat , Hariswar Baburaj , Ce Zhou , Jaydeb Sarker , Mia Mohammad Imran

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in agentic systems, where their interactions with diverse tools and environments create complex, multi-stage safety challenges. However, existing benchmarks mostly rely on static,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liming Lu , Xiang Gu , Junyu Huang , Jiawei Du , Xu Zheng , Yunhuai Liu , Yongbin Zhou , Shuchao Pang

TThis paper argues that \textbf{a comprehensive vulnerability analysis is essential for building trustworthy Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS)}. These systems, which consist of multiple LLM-powered agents working…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Juanhui Li , Shen Dong , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Han Xu , Zhen Xiang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

The current cybersecurity landscape is increasingly complex, with traditional Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools struggling to capture complex and emerging vulnerabilities due to their reliance on rule-based matching.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Mete Keltek , Rong Hu , Mohammadreza Fani Sani , Ziyue Li

Vulnerability identification constitutes a task of high importance for cyber security. It is quite helpful for locating and fixing vulnerable functions in large applications. However, this task is rather challenging owing to the absence of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Ammar Ahmed , Anwar Said , Mudassir Shabbir , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) by enriching node representations with semantic features, giving rise to LLM-enhanced GNNs that achieve notable performance gains. However, the robustness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yuhang Ma , Jie Wang , Zheng Yan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in a wide range of tasks, yet their application to specialized domains remains challenging due to the need for deep expertise. Retrieval-Augmented generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qinggang Zhang , Shengyuan Chen , Yuanchen Bei , Zheng Yuan , Huachi Zhou , Zijin Hong , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Chuang Zhou , Junnan Dong , Yi Chang , Xiao Huang

The rapid increase in cybersecurity vulnerabilities necessitates automated tools for analyzing and classifying vulnerability reports. This paper presents a novel Vulnerability Report Classifier that leverages the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Himanshu Tiwari

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) into Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) has expanded their cyber-attack surface, introducing new and sophisticated threats with potential to exploit emerging vulnerabilities. Assessing the risks of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Braden K Webb , Sumit Purohit , Rounak Meyur

This, with the ever-increasing sophistication of cyberwar, calls for novel solutions. In this regard, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a highly promising tool for defensive and offensive cybersecurity-related strategies. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Abdulrahman S Almuhaidib , Azlan Mohd Zain , Zalmiyah Zakaria , Izyan Izzati Kamsani , Abdulaziz S Almuhaidib

Attack graphs are one of the main techniques used to automate the risk assessment process. In order to derive a relevant attack graph, up-to-date information on known attack techniques should be represented as interaction rules. Designing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Hodaya Binyamini , Ron Bitton , Masaki Inokuchi , Tomohiko Yagyu , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

With the significant development of large models in recent years, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of multimodal understanding and reasoning tasks. Compared to traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Daizong Liu , Mingyu Yang , Xiaoye Qu , Pan Zhou , Yu Cheng , Wei Hu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving external data to mitigate hallucinations and outdated knowledge issues. Benefiting from the strong ability in facilitating diverse data sources and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tianzhe Zhao , Jiaoyan Chen , Yanchi Ru , Haiping Zhu , Nan Hu , Jun Liu , Qika Lin