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Large language models (LLMs) have driven profound transformations in wireless networks. However, within wireless environments, the training of LLMs faces significant challenges related to security and privacy. Federated Learning (FL), with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Feibo Jiang , Li Dong , Siwei Tu , Yubo Peng , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Dusit Niyato

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods typically assume that Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on data from a single device or client. However, real-world scenarios often require fine-tuning these models on private data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Yifan Yang , Zhiyu Xue , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Zheng Zhang , Ramtin Pedarsani

Collaboratively fine-tuning (FT) large language models (LLMs) over heterogeneous mobile devices fosters immense potential applications of personalized intelligence. However, such a vision faces critical system challenges. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xingke Yang , Liang Li , Sicong Li , Liwei Guan , Hao Wang , Xiaoqi Qi , Jiang Liu , Xin Fu , Miao Pan

Federated learning (FL) offers privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning, optimizing models at edge clients without sharing private data. Simultaneously, foundation models (FMs) have gained traction in the artificial intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Adapting Foundation Models (FMs) for downstream tasks through Federated Learning (FL) emerges a promising strategy for protecting data privacy and valuable FMs. Existing methods fine-tune FM by allocating sub-FM to clients in FL, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhaopeng Peng , Xiaoliang Fan , Yufan Chen , Zheng Wang , Shirui Pan , Chenglu Wen , Ruisheng Zhang , Cheng Wang

Federated learning (FL) has proven essential for privacy-preserving, collaborative training across distributed clients. Our prior work, TransFed, introduced a robust transformer-based FL framework that leverages a learn-to-adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tajamul Ashraf , Iqra Altaf Gillani

Due to the curse of statistical heterogeneity across clients, adopting a personalized federated learning method has become an essential choice for the successful deployment of federated learning-based services. Among diverse branches of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Seok-Ju Hahn , Minwoo Jeong , Junghye Lee

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm that enables distributed users to collaboratively and iteratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. Motivated by the effectiveness and robustness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Jinyu Chen , Wenchao Xu , Song Guo , Junxiao Wang , Jie Zhang , Haozhao Wang

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising solution for adapting models to distributed data environments while ensuring data privacy. Existing FedFT methods predominantly utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yujia Huo , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Zhenguo Ma , Shilong Wang , Liusheng Huang

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has created an unprecedented demand for fine-tuning models for specialized domains, such as medical science. While federated learning (FL) offers a decentralized and privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Amir Faiyaz , Tara Salman

Federated Learning (FL) over wireless network enables data-conscious services by leveraging the ubiquitous intelligence at network edge for privacy-preserving model training. As the proliferation of context-aware services, the diversified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Y. Li , X. Qin , H. Chen , K. Han , P. Zhang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling the collaborative training of models without centralized access to the raw data on local devices. In the typical FL paradigm (e.g., FedAvg), model weights are sent to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Guangyu Sun , Umar Khalid , Matias Mendieta , Pu Wang , Chen Chen

When existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) solutions are intended to be used for new knowledge domains, it is necessary to update their encoders, which are taken to be pretrained large language models (LLMs). However, fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Marijan Fofonjka , Shahryar Zehtabi , Alireza Behtash , Tyler Mauer , David Stout

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) need fine-tuning to improve their responsiveness to natural language instructions. Federated learning offers a way to fine-tune LLMs using the abundant data on end devices without compromising data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zhen Qin , Daoyuan Chen , Bingchen Qian , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li , Shuiguang Deng

Federated fine-tuning offers a promising paradigm for adapting large language models (LLMs) on edge devices by leveraging the rich, diverse, and continuously generated data from smartphones and IoT devices without compromising user data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiaxiang Geng , Yiyi Lu , Lunyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Nicholas D. Lane , Bing Luo

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-protected machine learning paradigm that allows model to be trained directly at the edge without uploading data. One of the biggest challenges faced by FL in practical applications is the heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Zirui Zhu , Ziyi Ye

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging technique that trains massive and geographically distributed edge data while maintaining privacy. However, FL has inherent challenges in terms of fairness and computational efficiency due to the rising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Yingchun Wang , Jingcai Guo , Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Weizhan Zhang , Qinghua Zheng

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm where clients collaboratively train a model while keeping their own data private. With an increasing scale of clients and models, FL encounters two key challenges, client drift due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Jianhui Sun , Xidong Wu , Heng Huang , Aidong Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm that allows a model to be trained across a number of participants without sharing data. Recent works have begun to consider the effects of using pre-trained models as an initialization point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Gwen Legate , Nicolas Bernier , Lucas Caccia , Edouard Oyallon , Eugene Belilovsky