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Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

The evaluation of text-generative vision-language models is a challenging yet crucial endeavor. By addressing the limitations of existing Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks and proposing innovative evaluation methodologies, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Simon Ging , María A. Bravo , Thomas Brox

Automatic evaluators such as reward models play a central role in the alignment and evaluation of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Despite their growing importance, these evaluators are almost exclusively assessed on English-centric…

Uncertainty quantification is essential for assessing the reliability and trustworthiness of modern AI systems. Among existing approaches, verbalized uncertainty, where models express their confidence through natural language, has emerged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Weihao Xuan , Qingcheng Zeng , Heli Qi , Junjue Wang , Naoto Yokoya

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promising performance in vision-language understanding and reasoning tasks. However, their visual understanding behaviors remain underexplored. A fundamental question arises: to what extent do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaoying Xing , Chia-Wen Kuo , Li Fuxin , Yulei Niu , Fan Chen , Ming Li , Ying Wu , Longyin Wen , Sijie Zhu

Traditional Visual Grounding (VG) predominantly relies on textual descriptions to localize objects, a paradigm that inherently struggles with linguistic ambiguity and often ignores non-verbal deictic cues prevalent in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ling Li , Bowen Liu , Zinuo Zhan , Peng Jie , Jianhui Zhong , Kenglun Chang , Zhidong Deng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable gains in various tasks by incorporating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language spaces. Recent work extends this direction by leveraging external tools for visual editing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bangzheng Li , Ximeng Sun , Jiang Liu , Ze Wang , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Hao Chen , Emad Barsoum , Muhao Chen , Zicheng Liu

Beyond conventional paradigms of translating speech and text, recently, there has been interest in automated transcreation of images to facilitate localization of visual content across different cultures. Attempts to define this as a formal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Simran Khanuja , Vivek Iyer , Claire He , Graham Neubig

Traditional visual grounding methods primarily focus on single-image scenarios with simple textual references. However, extending these methods to real-world scenarios that involve implicit and complex instructions, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sule Bai , Mingxing Li , Yong Liu , Jing Tang , Haoji Zhang , Lei Sun , Xiangxiang Chu , Yansong Tang

Today's most accurate language models are trained on orders of magnitude more language data than human language learners receive - but with no supervision from other sensory modalities that play a crucial role in human learning. Can we make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Chengxu Zhuang , Evelina Fedorenko , Jacob Andreas

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an important task in multimodal AI, and it is often used to test the ability of vision-language models to understand and reason on knowledge present in both visual and textual data. However, most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 David Romero , Chenyang Lyu , Haryo Akbarianto Wibowo , Teresa Lynn , Injy Hamed , Aditya Nanda Kishore , Aishik Mandal , Alina Dragonetti , Artem Abzaliev , Atnafu Lambebo Tonja , Bontu Fufa Balcha , Chenxi Whitehouse , Christian Salamea , Dan John Velasco , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , David Le Meur , Emilio Villa-Cueva , Fajri Koto , Fauzan Farooqui , Frederico Belcavello , Ganzorig Batnasan , Gisela Vallejo , Grainne Caulfield , Guido Ivetta , Haiyue Song , Henok Biadglign Ademtew , Hernán Maina , Holy Lovenia , Israel Abebe Azime , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Jay Gala , Jiahui Geng , Jesus-German Ortiz-Barajas , Jinheon Baek , Jocelyn Dunstan , Laura Alonso Alemany , Kumaranage Ravindu Yasas Nagasinghe , Luciana Benotti , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Marcelo Viridiano , Marcos Estecha-Garitagoitia , Maria Camila Buitrago Cabrera , Mario Rodríguez-Cantelar , Mélanie Jouitteau , Mihail Mihaylov , Mohamed Fazli Mohamed Imam , Muhammad Farid Adilazuarda , Munkhjargal Gochoo , Munkh-Erdene Otgonbold , Naome Etori , Olivier Niyomugisha , Paula Mónica Silva , Pranjal Chitale , Raj Dabre , Rendi Chevi , Ruochen Zhang , Ryandito Diandaru , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Santiago Góngora , Soyeong Jeong , Sukannya Purkayastha , Tatsuki Kuribayashi , Teresa Clifford , Thanmay Jayakumar , Tiago Timponi Torrent , Toqeer Ehsan , Vladimir Araujo , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Zara Burzo , Zheng Wei Lim , Zheng Xin Yong , Oana Ignat , Joan Nwatu , Rada Mihalcea , Thamar Solorio , Alham Fikri Aji

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

Image-text matching (ITM) aims to address the fundamental challenge of aligning visual and textual modalities, which inherently differ in their representations, continuous, high-dimensional image features vs. discrete, structured text. We…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Junyu Chen , Yihua Gao , Mingyong Li

While bias in large language models (LLMs) is well-studied, similar concerns in vision-language models (VLMs) have received comparatively less attention. Existing VLM bias studies often focus on portrait-style images and gender-occupation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Chahat Raj , Bowen Wei , Aylin Caliskan , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Ziwei Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse natural language tasks, yet the reward models employed for aligning LLMs often encounter challenges of reward hacking, where the approaches predominantly rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Junming Yang , Hao Xu , Xin Geng

Robots collaborating with humans must convert natural language goals into actionable, physically grounded decisions. For example, executing a command such as "go two meters to the right of the fridge" requires grounding semantic references,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Swagat Padhan , Lakshya Jain , Bhavya Minesh Shah , Omkar Patil , Thao Nguyen , Nakul Gopalan

We study visually grounded VideoQA in response to the emerging trends of utilizing pretraining techniques for video-language understanding. Specifically, by forcing vision-language models (VLMs) to answer questions and simultaneously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Junbin Xiao , Angela Yao , Yicong Li , Tat Seng Chua

3D Visual Grounding (3DVG) is a critical bridge from vision-language perception to robotics, requiring both language understanding and 3D scene reasoning. Traditional supervised models leverage explicit 3D geometry but exhibit limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Seongmin Jung , Seongho Choi , Gunwoo Jeon , Minsu Cho , Jongwoo Lim

Visual grounding is a common vision task that involves grounding descriptive sentences to the corresponding regions of an image. Most existing methods use independent image-text encoding and apply complex hand-crafted modules or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Ming Dai , Lingfeng Yang , Yihao Xu , Zhenhua Feng , Wankou Yang