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The evolution of galaxies is largely affected by exchanging material with their close environment, the circumgalactic medium (CGM). In this work, we investigate the CGM and the interstellar medium (ISM) of the bright central galaxy (BCG) of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-17 L. Ghodsi , J. Zhou , P. Andreani , C. De Breuck , A. W. S. Man , Y. Miyamoto , T. G. Bisbas , A. Lundgren , Z. -Y. Zhang

The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) is the most extreme star-forming environment in the Milky Way in terms of gas pressures, densities, temperatures, and dynamics. It acts as a critical test bed for developing star formation theories…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-06 Maya A. Petkova , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen

We are just starting to understand the physical processes driving the dramatic change in cosmic star-formation rate between $z\sim 2$ and the present day. A quantity directly linked to star formation is the molecular gas density, which…

The molecular gas in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy has been studied using infrared absorption spectra of H$_3^+$ lines at 3.5-4.0 $\mu$m and CO lines near 2.34 $\mu$m. In addition to the previously reported spectra of these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-14 Takeshi Oka , T. R. Geballe , Miwa Goto , Tomonori Usuda , Benjamin , J. McCall , Nick Indriolo

We conducted observations of 12CO(J=5-4) and dust thermal continuum emission toward twenty star-forming galaxies on the main sequence at z~1.4 using ALMA to investigate the properties of the interstellar medium. The sample galaxies are…

We report 350 and 230 GHz observations of molecular gas and dust in the starburst nucleus of NGC 253 at 20-40 pc (1"-2") resolution. The data contain CO(3-2), HCN(4-3), CO(2-1), 13CO(2-1), C18O(2-1), and continuum at 0.87 mm and 1.3 mm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Kazushi Sakamoto , Rui-Qing Mao , Satoki Matsushita , Alison B. Peck , Tsuyoshi Sawada , Martina C. Wiedner

The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) is the largest reservoir of dense molecular gas in the Galaxy and is heavily obscured in the optical and near-IR. We present an overview of the far-IR dust continuum, where the molecular clouds are revealed,…

The gas-phase velocity dispersions in disk galaxies, which trace turbulence in the interstellar medium, are observed to increase with lookback time. However, the mechanisms that set this rise in turbulence are observationally poorly…

The mass flows and energy cycles within the inner regions of galaxies exert a powerful influence on the evolution of the galaxy population. The centre of the Milky Way is the only galactic nucleus for which it is possible to resolve the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-25 Steven N. Longmore , John Bally , Ashley T. Barnes , Cara Battersby , Laura Colzi , Adam Ginsburg , Jonathan D. Henshaw , Paul T. P. Ho , Izaskun Jiménez-Serra , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen , Elisabeth A. C. Mills , Maya A. Petkova , Mattia C. Sormani , Robin G. Tress , Daniel L. Walker , Jennifer Wallace , Emad Alkhuja , Lucia Armillotta , Nazar Budaiev , Rojita Buddhacharya , Alyssa Bulatek , Michael Burton , Natalie O. Butterfield , Laura A. Busch , Paola Caselli , Mélanie Chevance , Claire Cook , Samuel Crowe , Ana Karla Díaz-Rodríguez , Enrico DiTeodoro , Simon R. Dicker , Katarzyna M. Dutkowska , Adam Fairley , Christoph Federrath , Rubén Fedriani , Zi-Xuan Feng , Karl Fiteni , Gary Fuller , Pablo García , Javier Goicoechea , Philipp Girichidis , Simon C. O. Glover , Mark Gorski , Savannah R. Gramze , Qi-Lao Gu , H. Perry Hatchfield , Christian Henkel , Rebecca J. Houghton , Pei-Ying Hsieh , Yue Hu , Katharina Immer , Desmond Jeff , Janik Karoly , Jens Kauffmann , Ralf S. Klessen , Mark R. Krumholz , Alex Lazarian , Emily M. Levesque , Fu-Heng Liang , Dani Lipman , Xunchuan Liu , Xing Lu , Qiu-yi Luo , Alessandro Lupi , Laura McCafferty , S. Martín , Farideh Mazoochi , Mark R. Morris , Marie Nonhebel , Francisco Nogueras-Lara , Tomoharu Oka , Juergen Ott , Marco Padovani , Xing Pan , Jaime E. Pineda , Thushara G. S. Pillai , Marc W. Pound , Miguel Requena Torres , Denise Riquelme-Vásquez , Víctor M. Rivilla , Galaxy Salo , Álvaro Sánchez-Monge , Miriam G. Santa-Maria , Rainer Schoedel , Anika Schmiedeke , Matthias Schultheis , Howard A. Smith , Yoshiaki Sofue , Leonardo Testi , Grant R. Tremblay , Arianna Vasini , Gijs Vermariën , Alexey Vikhlinin , Serena Viti , Q. Daniel Wang , Fengwei Xu , Suinan Zhang , Qizhou Zhang

We present the first systematic study of the density structure of clouds found in a complete sample covering all major molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ; inner $\sim{}200~\rm{}pc$) of the Milky Way. This is made possible…

In a sample of local active galactic nuclei studied at a spatial resolution on the order of 10 pc we show that the interstellar medium traced by the molecular hydrogen v=1-0 S(1) 2.1um line forms a geometrically thick, clumpy disk. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-11 E. K. S. Hicks , R. I. Davies , M. A. Malkan , R. Genzel , L. J. Tacconi , F. Muller Sanchez , A. Sternberg

The Milky Way's central molecular zone (CMZ) has emerged in recent years as a unique laboratory for the study of star formation. Here we use the simulations presented in Tress et al. 2020 to investigate star formation in the CMZ. These…

Observations of molecular gas near the Galactic centre ($| l | < 10^\circ$, $| b | < 1^\circ$) reveal the presence of a distinct population of enigmatic compact clouds which are characterised by extreme velocity dispersions ($\Delta v >…

Within the NUclei of GAlaxies project we have obtained IRAM PdBI and 30m 12CO(1-0) and 12CO(2-1) observations of the spiral galaxy NGC 6951. Previous work shows that there is indirect evidence of gas inflow from 3 kpc down to small radii: a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 T. P. R. van der Laan , E. Schinnerer , F. Boone , S. Garcia-Burillo , F. Combes , S. Haan , S. Leon , L. Hunt , A. J. Baker

Aims. We study the effect of large scale dynamics on the molecular composition of the dense interstellar medium during the transition between diffuse to dense clouds. Methods. We followed the formation of dense clouds (on sub-parsec scales)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-04-11 M. Ruaud , V. Wakelam , P. Gratier , I. A. Bonnell

Spurred by rich, multi-wavelength observations and enabled by new simulations, ranging from cosmological to sub-pc scales, the last decade has seen major theoretical progress in our understanding of the circumgalactic medium. We review key…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-26 Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere , S. Peng Oh

Distribution and kinematics of molecular gas in the central region of the barred spiral galaxy Maffei 2 were investigated using a data set of 12CO(1-0), 12CO(2-1), CS(2-1) lines and 103 GHz continuum. We found that the offset ridges along…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Nario Kuno , Kouichiro Nakanishi , Kazuo Sorai , Toshihito Shibatsuka

Star formation is primarily controlled by the interplay between gravity, turbulence, and magnetic fields. However, the turbulence and magnetic fields in molecular clouds near the Galactic Center may differ substantially from spiral-arm…

Combining observations of multiple CO lines with radiative transfer modeling is a very powerful tool to investigate the physical properties of the molecular gas in galaxies. Using new observations as well as literature data, we provide the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Selcuk Topal , Estelle Bayet , Martin Bureau , Timothy A. Davis , Wilfred Walsh

We aim to better understand how the spatial structure of molecular clouds is governed by turbulence. For that, we study the large-scale spatial distribution of low density molecular gas and search for characteristic length scales. We employ…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 N. Schneider , S. Bontemps , R. Simon , V. Ossenkopf , C. Federrath , R. Klessen , F. Motte , P. Andre , J. Stutzki , C. Brunt