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Large language model (LLM) inference often suffers from high decoding latency and limited scalability across heterogeneous edge-cloud environments. Existing speculative decoding (SD) techniques accelerate token generation but remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Fengze Yu , Leshu Li , Brad McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer a promising paradigm for parallel text generation, but in practice they face an accuracy-parallelism trade-off, where increasing tokens per forward (TPF) often degrades generation quality.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoyang Zhou , Li Kong , Shijie Ren , Xiting Wang , Shuang Liang , Guowei Wang , Zhenxuan Pan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for long-content generation (e.g., long Chain-of-Thought reasoning) where decoding efficiency becomes a critical bottleneck: Autoregressive decoding is inherently limited by its sequential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhepei Wei , Wei-Lin Chen , Xinyu Zhu , Yu Meng

Traffic forecasting represents a crucial problem within intelligent transportation systems. In recent research, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising method, but their intrinsic design, tailored primarily for sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Hyotaek Jeon , Hyunwook Lee , Juwon Kim , Sungahn Ko

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) holds promise for reforming the methodology of spatio-temporal data mining. However, current works for evaluating the spatio-temporal understanding capability of LLMs are somewhat limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Wenbin Li , Di Yao , Ruibo Zhao , Wenjie Chen , Zijie Xu , Chengxue Luo , Chang Gong , Quanliang Jing , Haining Tan , Jingping Bi

Current continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) methods struggle with handling diverse samples. Although dynamic convolutions are ideal for this task, they mainly focus on spatial modeling and fail to capture the temporal dynamics and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Sheng Liu , Yiheng Yu , Yuan Feng , Min Xu , Zhelun Jin , Yining Jiang , Tiantian Yuan

Recent advances in transformer-based lightweight object tracking have established new standards across benchmarks, leveraging the global receptive field and powerful feature extraction capabilities of attention mechanisms. Despite these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Junze Shi , Yang Yu , Jian Shi , Haibo Luo

Despite extensive efforts to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values and safety rules, jailbreak attacks that exploit certain vulnerabilities continuously emerge, highlighting the need to strengthen existing LLMs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xuekang Wang , Shengyu Zhu , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) benchmarks, yet they remain highly vulnerable to minor input perturbations. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate Token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jui-Ming Yao , Hao-Yuan Chen , Zi-Xian Tang , Bing-Jia Tan , Sheng-Wei Peng , Bing-Cheng Xie , Shun-Feng Su

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising results, yet existing approaches struggle to effectively handle both temporal and spatial localization simultaneously. This challenge stems from two key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongyu Li , Jinyu Chen , Ziyu Wei , Shaofei Huang , Tianrui Hui , Jialin Gao , Xiaoming Wei , Si Liu

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have recently gained significant attention due to their inherent support for parallel decoding. Building on this paradigm, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) dLLMs with autoregressive (AR) initialization have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Linye Wei , Zixiang Luo , Pingzhi Tang , Meng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in mathematical reasoning tasks when guided by Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting. However, they tend to produce highly confident yet incorrect outputs, which poses significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhenjiang Mao , Artem Bisliouk , Rohith Reddy Nama , Ivan Ruchkin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, yet their ability to make context-aware safety decisions remains limited. Existing methods often fail to balance oversensitivity (unjustified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zheyuan Liu , Zhangchen Xu , Guangyao Dou , Xiangchi Yuan , Zhaoxuan Tan , Radha Poovendran , Meng Jiang

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on large language models (LLMs) achieve superior performance by leveraging pretrained LLMs as decoders, but their token-by-token generation mechanism leads to inference latency that grows…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wenjie Tian , Bingshen Mu , Guobin Ma , Xuelong Geng , Zhixian Zhao , Lei Xie

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has attracted considerable recent attention due to its potential for scaling computational resources, reducing training time, and helping protect user privacy in machine learning. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Siyuan Yu , Wei Chen , H. Vincent Poor

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) have shown promising performance across various reasoning tasks, establishing themselves as an alternative to autoregressive large language models (LLMs). Unlike autoregressive LLMs that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xiangzhong Luo , Yilin An , Zhicheng Yu , Weichen Liu , Xu Yang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance across a wide range of tasks; however, their token-by-token autoregressive generation process significantly hinders inference speed. Speculative decoding presents a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Kai Lv , Honglin Guo , Qipeng Guo , Xipeng Qiu

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) are gaining attention for their inherent capacity for parallel decoding, offering a compelling alternative to autoregressive LLMs. Among various decoding strategies, block-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guanxi Lu , Hao Mark Chen , Yuto Karashima , Zhican Wang , Daichi Fujiki , Hongxiang Fan

We propose an acceleration scheme for large language models (LLMs) through Speculative Decoding with Semantic Adaptive Tokens (SDSAT). The primary objective of this design is to enhance the LLM model's ability to generate draft tokens more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chengbo Liu , Yong Zhu

Recent advances in block diffusion language models have demonstrated competitive performance and strong scalability on reasoning tasks. However, existing BDLMs have limited exploration under the test-time scaling setting and face more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yi Lu , Deyang Kong , Jianing Wang , Linsen Guo , Xue Wang , Qi Guo , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang , Wei Wang