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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various tasks. However, their suitability for domain-specific tasks, is limited due to their immense scale at deployment, susceptibility to misinformation, and more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jiaxin Zhang , Zhuohang Li , Kamalika Das , Sricharan Kumar

Efficient and fair spectrum allocation is a central challenge in 6G networks, where massive connectivity and heterogeneous services continuously compete for limited radio resources. We investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ismail Lotfi , Ali Ghrayeb

Sustainable monetization of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a critical open challenge. Traditional search advertising, which relies on static keywords, fails to capture the fleeting, context-dependent user intents--the specific…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Shengwei Xu , Zhaohua Chen , Xiaotie Deng , Zhiyi Huang , Grant Schoenebeck

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable potential in advertising scenarios such as ad creative generation and targeted advertising. However, deploying LLMs in real-time advertising systems poses significant challenges due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wenxin Dong , Chang Gao , Guanghui Yu , Xuewu Jiao , Mingqing Hu , Qiang Fu , Peng Xu , Penghui Wei , Hui Xu , Yue Xing , Shuanglong Li , Lin Liu

Generative query suggestion using large language models offers a powerful way to enhance conversational systems, but aligning outputs with nuanced user preferences remains a critical challenge. To address this, we introduce a multi-stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Junhao Yin , Haolin Wang , Peng Bao , Ju Xu , Yongliang Wang

Training multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) that align with human intentions is a long-term challenge. Traditional score-only reward models for alignment suffer from low accuracy, weak generalization, and poor interpretability,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiayi Zhou , Jiaming Ji , Boyuan Chen , Jiapeng Sun , Wenqi Chen , Donghai Hong , Sirui Han , Yike Guo , Yaodong Yang

Optimizing a reinforcement learning (RL) policy typically requires extensive interactions with a high-fidelity simulator of the environment, which are often costly or impractical. Offline RL addresses this problem by allowing training from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Houssem Sifaou , Osvaldo Simeone

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm that enables clients to collaboratively train a shared global model without uploading their local data. To alleviate the heterogeneous data quality among clients, artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Guangjing Huang , Qiong Wu , Jingyi Li , Xu Chen

Embedding advertisements into large language model (LLM) outputs introduces a fundamental tension: revenue optimization can distort content and degrade user experience. Existing approaches largely ignore this trade-off, often forcing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiale Han , Xiaowu Dai

The classic Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism ensures incentive compatibility, i.e., that truth-telling of all agents is a dominant strategy, for a static one-shot game. However, in a dynamic environment that unfolds over time, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-13 Ke Ma , P. R. Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable creative writing capabilities, yet their substantial computational demands hinder widespread use. Enhancing Small Language Models (SLMs) offers a promising alternative, but current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Xiaolong Wei , Bo Lu , Xingyu Zhang , Zhejun Zhao , Dongdong Shen , Long Xia , Dawei Yin

The enduring value of the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism has been highlighted due to its adoption by Facebook ad auctions. Our research delves into its utility in the collaborative virtual goods production (CVGP) game, which finds…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mingshu Cong , Han Yu , Xi Weng , Jiabao Qu , Yang Liu , Siu Ming Yiu

Designing effective auxiliary rewards for cooperative multi-agent systems remains challenging, as misaligned incentives can induce suboptimal coordination, particularly when sparse task rewards provide insufficient grounding for coordinated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Dogan Urgun , Gokhan Gungor

Online platforms connect users with relevant products and services using ads. A key challenge is that a user's search query often leaves their true intent ambiguous. Typically, platforms passively predict relevance based on available…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kshipra Bhawalkar , Alexandros Psomas , Di Wang

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) typically involves training a reward model on preference data, followed by policy optimization with respect to the reward model. However, optimizing policies with respect to a single reward model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Debangshu Banerjee , Kintan Saha , Aditya Gopalan

Inference-time computation is a powerful paradigm to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs), with Best-of-N sampling being a widely used technique. However, this method is computationally expensive, requiring both (1) an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Rohin Manvi , Anikait Singh , Stefano Ermon

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu

While the classic Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism ensures incentive compatibility for a static one-shot game, it does not appear to be feasible to construct a dominant truth-telling mechanism for agents that are stochastic dynamic systems.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Ke Ma , P. R. Kumar

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing their safety and utility. However, existing methods, primarily based on preference datasets, face challenges such as noisy labels, high annotation costs, and privacy concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

We study resource allocation problems in which a central planner allocates resources among strategic agents with private cost functions in order to minimize a social cost, defined as an aggregate of the agents' costs. This setting poses two…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Leo Landolt , Anna Maddux , Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Saurabh Vaishampayan , Maryam Kamgarpour
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