English
Related papers

Related papers: Spectral Edge Dynamics Reveal Functional Modes of …

200 papers

In this work we explore the limiting dynamics of deep neural networks trained with stochastic gradient descent (SGD). As observed previously, long after performance has converged, networks continue to move through parameter space by a…

Synchronization in dynamical systems on directed weighted networks is often associated with stronger coupling and denser interactions. This paper shows that the opposite can also occur: weakening selected edges may increase the generalized…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Xinyu Wu , Xizhi Liu , Chenyao Zhang , Tianping Chen , Wenlian Lu

With the rise of big data analytics, multi-layer neural networks have surfaced as one of the most powerful machine learning methods. However, their theoretical mathematical properties are still not fully understood. Training a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Victor Luo , Yazhen Wang , Glenn Fung

We showcase important features of the dynamics of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the training of neural networks. We present empirical observations that commonly used large step sizes (i) lead the iterates to jump from one side of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Maksym Andriushchenko , Aditya Varre , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

We extend our recently identified dynamical edge mode boundary condition to $p$-form gauge theories, revealing their edge modes as Goldstone bosons arising from gauge transformations with support on the boundary. The symplectic conjugates…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-17 Adam Ball , Y. T. Albert Law

Training neural networks involves optimizing parameters to minimize a loss function, where the nature of the loss function and the optimization strategy are crucial for effective training. Hyperparameter choices, such as the learning rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yizhou Liu

Advancements in artificial intelligence call for a deeper understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying deep learning. In this work, we propose a theoretical framework to analyze learning dynamics through the lens of dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yuchen Lin , Yong Zhang , Sihan Feng , Hong Zhao

Large-scale neural models are increasingly trained with data pruning, synthetic data generation, cross-model distillation, reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), and difficulty-based sampling. While several of these data-centric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yizhou Zhang , Lun Du

Recent empirical evidence has demonstrated that the training dynamics of large-scale deep neural networks occur within low-dimensional subspaces. While this has inspired new research into low-rank training, compression, and adaptation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Alec S. Xu , Can Yaras , Matthew Asato , Qing Qu , Laura Balzano

Learning in deep neural networks (DNNs) is implemented through minimizing a highly non-convex loss function, typically by a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method. This learning process can effectively find good wide minima without being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Guozhang Chen , Cheng Kevin Qu , Pulin Gong

We investigate geometric regularization strategies for learned latent representations in encoder--decoder reduced-order models. In a fixed experimental setting for the advection--diffusion--reaction (ADR) equation, we model latent dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Mikhail Osipov

A quadratic approximation of neural network loss landscapes has been extensively used to study the optimization process of these networks. Though, it usually holds in a very small neighborhood of the minimum, it cannot explain many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Chao Ma , Daniel Kunin , Lei Wu , Lexing Ying

Deep learning has demonstrated remarkable achievements in medical image segmentation. However, prevailing deep learning models struggle with poor generalization due to (i) intra-class variations, where the same class appears differently in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Vandan Gorade , Sparsh Mittal , Debesh Jha , Rekha Singhal , Ulas Bagci

Data-driven learning of physical systems has kindled significant attention, where many neural models have been developed. In particular, mesh-based graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant potential in modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yuan Mi , Qi Wang , Xueqin Hu , Yike Guo , Ji-Rong Wen , Yang Liu , Hao Sun

Models need appropriate inductive biases to effectively learn from small amounts of data and generalize systematically outside of the training distribution. While Transformers are highly versatile and powerful, they can still benefit from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Matthias Lindemann , Alexander Koller , Ivan Titov

Dynamical systems in the life sciences are often composed of complex mixtures of overlapping behavioral regimes. Cellular subpopulations may shift from cycling to equilibrium dynamics or branch towards different developmental fates. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Nathan Quiblier , Roy Friedman , Matthew Ricci

Recognizing symmetries in data allows for significant boosts in neural network training. In many cases, however, the underlying symmetry is present only in an idealized dataset, and is broken in the training data, due to effects such as…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-11-13 Edmund Witkowski , Daniel Whiteson

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical workflows, but domain shift often leads to performance degradation when models are applied to unseen clinical domains. This challenge arises due to variations in imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yingkai Wang , Yaoyao Zhu , Xiuding Cai , Yuhao Xiao , Haotian Wu , Yu Yao

Deep neural networks are usually trained in the space of the nodes, by adjusting the weights of existing links via suitable optimization protocols. We here propose a radically new approach which anchors the learning process to reciprocal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Lorenzo Giambagli , Lorenzo Buffoni , Timoteo Carletti , Walter Nocentini , Duccio Fanelli

Spectral neural operators, particularly Fourier Neural Operators (FNO), are a powerful framework for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) due to their efficient global mixing in the frequency domain. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chun-Wun Cheng , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero