English
Related papers

Related papers: Hallucination as output-boundary misclassification…

200 papers

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong mathematical reasoning capabilities but remain susceptible to hallucinations producing plausible yet incorrect statements especially in theorem proving, symbolic manipulation, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 MingShan Liu , Jialing Fang

Hallucination remains a major reliability barrier for production LLM systems, particularly in multi-agent pipelines where unsupported claims can propagate unchecked across stages. This paper adapts a HOPE-inspired Nested Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Diego Gosmar , Deborah A. Dahl

Despite improvements in performances on different natural language generation tasks, deep neural models are prone to hallucinating facts that are incorrect or nonexistent. Different hypotheses are proposed and examined separately for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Yijun Xiao , William Yang Wang

Hallucination in large language models (LLMs) has been widely studied in recent years, with progress in both detection and mitigation aimed at improving truthfulness. Yet, a critical side effect remains largely overlooked: enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Omar Mahmoud , Ali Khalil , Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

Recent work has demonstrated state-of-the-art results in large language model (LLM) hallucination detection and mitigation through consistency-based approaches which involve aggregating multiple responses sampled from a single LLM for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Demian Till , John Smeaton , Peter Haubrick , Gouse Saheb , Florian Graef , David Berman

Language models exhibit remarkable natural language generation capabilities but remain prone to hallucinations, generating factually incorrect information despite producing syntactically coherent responses. This study introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Simeon Emanuilov , Richard Ackermann

Patients often face difficulties in understanding their hospitalizations, while healthcare workers have limited resources to provide explanations. In this work, we investigate the potential of large language models to generate patient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Stefan Hegselmann , Shannon Zejiang Shen , Florian Gierse , Monica Agrawal , David Sontag , Xiaoyi Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) offer transformative potential for high-stakes domains like finance and law, but their tendency to hallucinate, generating factually incorrect or unsupported content, poses a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Ahmad Pesaranghader , Erin Li

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit logically inconsistent hallucinations that appear coherent yet violate reasoning principles, with recent research suggesting an inverse relationship between causal reasoning capabilities and such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yuangang Li , Yiqing Shen , Yi Nian , Jiechao Gao , Ziyi Wang , Chenxiao Yu , Shawn Li , Jie Wang , Xiyang Hu , Yue Zhao

We highlight a failure mode of large reasoning models on questions with insufficient information: models may recognize that a problem is under-specified, yet still continue reasoning and produce unsupported final answers instead of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Renjie Gu , Jiaxu Li , Yihao Wang , Yun Yue , Hansong Xiao , Yefei Chen , Yuan Wang , Chunxiao Guo , Pei Wei , Jinjie Gu , Yixin Cao

Failures in large language models (LLMs) are often analyzed from a behavioral perspective, where incorrect outputs in factual question answering are commonly associated with missing knowledge. In this work, focusing on entity-based factual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haolang Lu , Hongrui Peng , WeiYe Fu , Guoshun Nan , Xinye Cao , Xingrui Li , Hongcan Guo , Kun Wang

Mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for their reliable deployment. Existing methods typically fine-tune LLMs to abstain from answering questions beyond their knowledge scope. However, these methods often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Hao An , Yang Xu

Language models have shown strong capabilities across a wide range of tasks in software engineering, such as code generation, yet they suffer from hallucinations. While hallucinations have been studied independently in natural language and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chunhua Liu , Hong Yi Lin , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Hallucinations in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) -- where the model generates content inconsistent with the input image -- pose significant risks in real-world applications, from misinformation in visual question answering to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bingkui Tong , Jiaer Xia , Sifeng Shang , Kaiyang Zhou

Contrastive learning models based on Siamese structure have demonstrated remarkable performance in self-supervised learning. Such a success of contrastive learning relies on two conditions, a sufficient number of positive pairs and adequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Jing Wu , Jennifer Hobbs , Naira Hovakimyan

This paper investigates how hallucination rates in Large Language Models (LLMs) may be controlled via a symbolic data generation framework, exploring a fundamental relationship between the rate of certain mathematical errors and types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jordan Meadows , Marco Valentino , Andre Freitas

We introduce a benchmark suite for evaluating structural mathematical reasoning in language models, built on subgroup-construction problems in SL(3, Z) with cryptographic-style verifier-prover asymmetry. Each instance presents a finitely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Igor Rivin

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hazel Kim , Tom A. Lamb , Adel Bibi , Philip Torr , Yarin Gal

Large language models (LLMs) produce context inconsistency hallucinations, which are LLM generated outputs that are misaligned with the user prompt. This research project investigates whether prompt engineering (PE) methods can mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Imane Jaaouine , Ross D. King

Decision paralysis, i.e. hesitation, freezing, or failure to act despite full knowledge and motivation, poses a challenge for choice models that assume options are already specified and readily comparable. Drawing on qualitative reports in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-30 Wendyam Eric Lionel Ilboudo , Saori C Tanaka