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Medical Vision-Language Models (MedVLMs) excel at perception tasks but struggle with complex clinical reasoning required in real-world scenarios. While reinforcement learning (RL) has been explored to enhance reasoning capabilities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Meidan Ding , Jipeng Zhang , Wenxuan Wang , Haiqin Zhong , Xiaoling Luo , Wenting Chen , Linlin Shen

Enhancing the multimodal reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is a challenging task that has attracted increasing attention in the community. Recently, several studies have applied Reinforcement Learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Tong Xiao , Xin Xu , Zhenya Huang , Hongyu Gao , Quan Liu , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Recent Large Multimodal Models have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities, especially in solving complex mathematical problems and realizing accurate spatial perception. Our key insight is that these emerging abilities can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Weiliang Tang , Dong Jing , Jia-Hui Pan , Zhiwu Lu , Yun-Hui Liu , Li Erran Li , Mingyu Ding , Chi-Wing Fu

Universal multimodal embedding models are foundational to various tasks. Existing approaches typically employ in-batch negative mining by measuring the similarity of query-candidate pairs. However, these methods often struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tiancheng Gu , Kaicheng Yang , Kaichen Zhang , Xiang An , Ziyong Feng , Yueyi Zhang , Weidong Cai , Jiankang Deng , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong reasoning abilities in domains like mathematics, coding, and scientific problem-solving, yet their potential for ranking tasks, where prime examples include retrieval, recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Tao Feng , Zhigang Hua , Zijie Lei , Yan Xie , Shuang Yang , Bo Long , Jiaxuan You

Multimodal retrieval is becoming a crucial component of modern AI applications, yet its evaluation lags behind the demands of more realistic and challenging scenarios. Existing benchmarks primarily probe surface-level semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Zhou , Ze Liu , Lei Xiong , Jin-Ge Yao , Yueze Wang , Shitao Xiao , Fenfen Lin , Miguel Hu Chen , Zhicheng Dou , Siqi Bao , Defu Lian , Yongping Xiong , Zheng Liu

Future robotic systems operating in real-world environments will require on-board embodied intelligence without continuous cloud connection, balancing capabilities with constraints on computational power and memory. This work presents an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Liam Boyle , Nicolas Baumann , Paviththiren Sivasothilingam , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

Multimodal Large Language Models struggle to maintain reliable performance under extreme real-world visual degradations, which impede their practical robustness. Existing robust MLLMs predominantly rely on implicit training/adaptation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jiaqi Tang , Jianmin Chen , Wei Wei , Xiaogang Xu , Runtao Liu , Xiangyu Wu , Qipeng Xie , Jiafei Wu , Lei Zhang , Qifeng Chen

The success of DeepSeek-R1 demonstrates the immense potential of using reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance LLMs' reasoning capabilities. This paper introduces Retrv-R1, the first R1-style MLLM specifically designed for multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lanyun Zhu , Deyi Ji , Tianrun Chen , Haiyang Wu , Shiqi Wang

Tool-augmented multimodal reasoning enables visual language models (VLMs) to improve perception by interacting with external tools (e.g., cropping, depth estimation). However, such approaches incur substantial inference overhead, require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ashutosh Adhikari , Mirella Lapata

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for advancing complex reasoning in large language models, and recent work extends RLVR to multimodal large language models (MLLMs). This transfer,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Changyuan Tian , Zhicong Lu , Huaxing Liu , Xiang Wang , Shuai Li , Yu Chen , Wenqian Lv , Zichuan Lin , Juncheng Diao , Deheng Ye

Recent large reasoning models (LRMs) have made substantial progress in complex reasoning tasks, yet they often generate lengthy reasoning paths for every query, incurring unnecessary computation and latency. Existing speed-up approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zhaofeng Zhong , Wei Yuan , Tong Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

Recent advances in Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled unified processing of language, vision, and structured inputs, opening the door to complex tasks such as logical deduction, spatial reasoning, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Guiyao Tie , Xueyang Zhou , Tianhe Gu , Ruihang Zhang , Chaoran Hu , Sizhe Zhang , Mengqu Sun , Yan Zhang , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated substantial progress in reasoning capabilities, such as DeepSeek-R1, which leverages rule-based reinforcement learning to enhance logical reasoning significantly.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zeyu Liu , Yuhang Liu , Guanghao Zhu , Congkai Xie , Zhen Li , Jianbo Yuan , Xinyao Wang , Qing Li , Shing-Chi Cheung , Shengyu Zhang , Fei Wu , Hongxia Yang

Despite their remarkable natural language understanding capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been underutilized for retrieval tasks. We present Search-R3, a novel framework that addresses this limitation by adapting LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuntao Gui , James Cheng

Large language models equipped with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) represent a burgeoning field aimed at enhancing answering capabilities by leveraging external knowledge bases. Although the application of RAG with language-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Cheng Tan , Jingxuan Wei , Linzhuang Sun , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Bihui Yu , Ruifeng Guo , Stan Z. Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a promising foundation for universal multimodal embeddings. Recent studies have shown that reasoning-driven generative multimodal embeddings can outperform discriminative embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Peixi Wu , Ke Mei , Feipeng Ma , Bosong Chai , Zhibin Lan , Chenxi Zhao , Shannan Yan , Jie Chen , Zhangchi Hu , Yansong Peng , Bo Lin , Junjie Zhou , Dacheng Yin , Tianyi Wang , Fengyun Rao , Jing Lyu , Hebei Li , Xiaoyan Sun

Large language models have recently evolved from fluent text generation to advanced reasoning across diverse domains, giving rise to reasoning language models. Among these domains, mathematical reasoning serves as a representative benchmark…

Effective reasoning is crucial to solving complex mathematical problems. Recent large language models (LLMs) have boosted performance by scaling test-time computation through long chain-of-thought reasoning. However, transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Junxiong Wang , Wen-Ding Li , Daniele Paliotta , Daniel Ritter , Alexander M. Rush , Tri Dao

Reasoning lies at the heart of intelligence, shaping the ability to make decisions, draw conclusions, and generalize across domains. In artificial intelligence, as systems increasingly operate in open, uncertain, and multimodal…