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Implementation of variational Quantum Machine Learning (QML) algorithms on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices is known to have issues related to the high number of qubits needed and the noise associated with multi-qubit gates.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-21 Saurabh Kumar , Siddharth Dangwal , Debanjan Bhowmik

Quantum machine learning has demonstrated significant potential in solving practical problems, particularly in statistics-focused areas such as data science and finance. However, challenges remain in preparing and learning statistical…

Quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) promises secure delegated quantum computation but has been impeded by the prohibitive quantum resource demands of existing constructions. This paper introduces a unified framework that achieves an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Fengxia Liu , Zixian Gong , Kun Tian , Yi Zhang , Zhiming Zheng , Maozhi Xu

Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) are a powerful class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms designed to approximate the ground state of a quantum system described by its Hamiltonian. VQEs hold promise for various applications,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Kim A. Nicoli , Luca J. Wagner , Lena Funcke

Neuromorphic and quantum computing have recently emerged as promising paradigms for advancing artificial intelligence, each offering complementary strengths. Neuromorphic systems built on spiking neurons excel at processing time series data…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jiechen Chen , Bipin Rajendran , Osvaldo Simeone

Classical machine learning often struggles with complex, high-dimensional data. Quantum machine learning offers a potential solution, promising more efficient processing. The quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN), a hybrid algorithm,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo

We propose a fault-tolerant quantum computation scheme in a measurement-based manner with finite-sized entangled resource states and encoded fusion scheme with linear optics. The encoded-fusion is an entangled measurement devised to enhance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Wooyeong Song , Nuri Kang , Yong-Su Kim , Seung-Woo Lee

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) allows sharing random keys between a quantum user and a classical user, which significantly saves user resources, especially when using the Single-state protocol. However, the operation of the classical…

We present QuCoWE a framework that learns quantumnative word embeddings by training shallow hardwareefficient parameterized quantum circuits PQCs with a contrastive skipgram objective Words are encoded by datareuploading circuits with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Rabimba Karanjai , Hemanth Hegadehalli Madhavarao , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi

Based on the linearity of quantum unitary operations, we propose a method that runs the parameterized quantum circuits before encoding the input data. This enables a dataset owner to train machine learning models on quantum cloud…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Guang Ping He

The data representation in a machine-learning model strongly influences its performance. This becomes even more important for quantum machine learning models implemented on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Encoding high…

Quantum annealing (QA) is a hardware-based heuristic optimization and sampling method applicable to discrete undirected graphical models. While similar to simulated annealing, QA relies on quantum, rather than thermal, effects to explore…

Quantum Kernel Estimation (QKE) is a technique based on leveraging a quantum computer to estimate a kernel function that is classically difficult to calculate, which is then used by a classical computer for training a Support Vector Machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Marco Russo , Edoardo Giusto , Bartolomeo Montrucchio

The quantum Boltzmann machine (QBM) is a generative machine learning model for both classical data and quantum states. Training the QBM consists of minimizing the relative entropy from the model to the target state. This requires QBM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Onno Huijgen , Luuk Coopmans , Peyman Najafi , Marcello Benedetti , Hilbert J. Kappen

For unsupervised data-dependent hashing, the two most important requirements are to preserve similarity in the low-dimensional feature space and to minimize the binary quantization loss. A well-established hashing approach is Iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Tuan Hoang , Thanh-Toan Do , Huu Le , Dang-Khoa Le-Tan , Ngai-Man Cheung

Measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) promises natural compatibility with quantum error correcting codes at the cost of a polynomial increase in physical qubits. MBQC proposals have largely focused on photonic systems, where 2-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Matthew Brooks , Charles Tahan

The potential impact of quantum machine learning algorithms on industrial applications remains an exciting open question. Conventional methods for encoding classical data into quantum computers are not only too costly for a potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-06 Kevin Shen , Bernhard Jobst , Elvira Shishenina , Frank Pollmann

We present an improved version of a quantum amplitude encoding scheme that encodes the $N$ entries of a unit classical vector $\vec{v}=(v_1,..,v_N)$ into the amplitudes of a quantum state. Our approach has a quadratic speed-up with respect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Vittorio Pagni , Sigurd Huber , Michael Epping , Michael Felderer

State-of-the-art quantum key distribution systems are based on the BB84 protocol and single photons generated by lasers. These implementations suffer from range limitations and security loopholes, which require expensive adaptation. The use…

We introduce fusion-based quantum computing (FBQC) - a model of universal quantum computation in which entangling measurements, called fusions, are performed on the qubits of small constant-sized entangled resource states. We introduce a…