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Autonomous agent systems such as OpenClaw introduce significant efficiency challenges due to long-context inputs and multi-turn reasoning. This results in prohibitively high computational and monetary costs in real-world development. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Manyi Zhang , Ji-Fu Li , Zhongao Sun , Xiaohao Liu , Zhenhua Dong , Xianzhi Yu , Haoli Bai , Xiaobo Xia

High-Performance Computing (HPC) centers and cloud providers support an increasingly diverse set of applications on heterogenous hardware. As Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) workloads have become an increasingly…

High-throughput computational screening of polymers offers a powerful way to address the imbalance between the vast number of polymers synthesised for diverse applications and the relatively small subset that can be studied using atomistic…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-12 Lois Smith , Samuel Ericson , Vittoria Fantauzzo , Chin Yong , Paola Carbone , Alessandro Troisi

Scientific applications produce vast amounts of data, posing grand challenges in the underlying data management and analytic tasks. Progressive compression is a promising way to address this problem, as it allows for on-demand data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yanliang Li , Wenbo Li , Qian Gong , Qing Liu , Norbert Podhorszki , Scott Klasky , Xin Liang , Jieyang Chen

Increasingly, scientific discovery requires sophisticated and scalable workflows. Workflows have become the ``new applications,'' wherein multi-scale computing campaigns comprise multiple and heterogeneous executable tasks. In particular,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Shantenu Jha , Vincent R. Pascuzzi , Matteo Turilli

Medical image processing is often limited by the computational cost of the involved algorithms. Whereas dedicated computing devices (GPUs in particular) exist and do provide significant efficiency boosts, they have an extra cost of use in…

Agentic artificial intelligence systems promise to accelerate scientific workflows, but neuroimaging poses unique challenges: heterogeneous modalities (sMRI, fMRI, dMRI, EEG), long multi-stage pipelines, and persistent reproducibility…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Cheng Wang , Zhibin He , Zhihao Peng , Shengyuan Liu , Yufan Hu , Yang Carl , He Lifang , Lichao Sun , Xiang Li , Yixuan Yuan

Large language models (LLMs) have evolved AI assistants into autonomous reasoning engines that maintain context, invoke tools, and pursue long-horizon tasks. This has spurred Agent Operating Systems (Agent OS) as kernel-like layers for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Heyuan Huang , Yeyi Guan , Jihong Wang , Mingzhi Wang , Jiamu Zhou , Xiangmou Qu , Jiaxin Yin , Xin Liao , Xingyu Lou , Jun Wang

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MASs) are transforming personal productivity by autonomously executing complex, cross-platform tasks. Frameworks such as OpenClaw demonstrate the potential of locally deployed agents integrated with personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Haoyu Wang , Zibo Xiao , Yedi Zhang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for accelerating scientific discovery, yet their static knowledge and hallucination issues hinder autonomous research applications. Recent advances integrate LLMs into agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zeyu Xia , Jinzhe Ma , Congjie Zheng , Shufei Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Hang Su , P. Hu , Changshui Zhang , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai , Dongzhan Zhou , Mao Su

Intelligent systems have traditionally been designed as tools rather than collaborators, often lacking critical characteristics that collaboration partnerships require. Recent advances in large language model (LLM) agents open new…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Bingsheng Yao , Jiaju Chen , Chaoran Chen , April Wang , Toby Jia-jun Li , Dakuo Wang

Despite recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), their performance on complex reasoning problems requiring multi-step thinking and combining various skills is still limited. To address this, we propose a novel framework HDFlow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Wenlin Yao , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

The emergence of large-scale AI models, like GPT-4, has significantly impacted academia and industry, driving the demand for high-performance computing (HPC) to accelerate workloads. To address this, we present HPCClusterScape, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Heungseok Park , Aeree Cho , Hyojun Jeon , Hayoung Lee , Youngil Yang , Sungjae Lee , Heungsub Lee , Jaegul Choo

The rapid development of computation power and machine learning algorithms has paved the way for automating scientific discovery with a scanning probe microscope (SPM). The key elements towards operationalization of automated SPM are the…

Translating statistical methods into reliable software is a persistent bottleneck in quantitative research. Existing AI code-generation tools produce code quickly but cannot guarantee faithful implementation -- a critical requirement for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Tianzhu Qin , Yiqing Xu

Autonomous experimentation systems have been used to greatly advance the integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) paradigm. This paper outlines a framework that enables the design and selection of data collection workflows for…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-20 Rohan Casukhela , Sriram Vijayan , Joerg R. Jinschek , Stephen R. Niezgoda

The increasing use and cost of high performance computing (HPC) requires new easy-to-use tools to enable HPC users and HPC systems engineers to transparently understand the utilization of resources. The MIT Lincoln Laboratory Supercomputing…

Algorithmic materials discovery is a multi-disciplinary domain that integrates insights from specialists in alloy design, synthesis, characterization, experimental methodologies, computational modeling, and optimization. Central to this…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) systems have shown strong potential for language-driven robotic manipulation. However, scaling them to long-horizon tasks remains challenging. Existing pipelines typically separate data collection, policy…

Inspired by the way human brain works, the emerging hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is getting more and more attention. HDC is an emerging computing scheme based on the working mechanism of brain that computes with deep and abstract…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Rahul Thapa , Dongning Ma , Xun Jiao