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Shannon entropy is not the only entropy that is relevant to machine-learning datasets, nor possibly even the most important one. Traditional entropies such as Shannon entropy capture information represented by elements' frequencies but not…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Phuc Nguyen , Josiah Couch , Rahul Bansal , Alexandra Morgan , Chris Tam , Miao Li , Rima Arnaout , Ramy Arnaout

Stochastic encoders for channel coding and lossy source coding are introduced with a rate close to the fundamental limits, where the only restriction is that the channel input alphabet and the reproduction alphabet of the lossy source code…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Jun Muramatsu

We propose a universal ensemble for random selection of rate-distortion codes, which is asymptotically optimal in a sample-wise sense. According to this ensemble, each reproduction vector, $\hbx$, is selected independently at random under…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Neri Merhav

The ever-growing size of neural networks poses serious challenges on resource-constrained devices, such as embedded sensors. Compression algorithms that reduce their size can mitigate these problems, provided that model performance stays…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Alexander Conzelmann , Robert Bamler

This paper investigates the problem of variable-length lossy source coding allowing a positive excess distortion probability and an overflow probability of codeword lengths. Novel one-shot achievability and converse bounds of the optimal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Shota Saito , Hideki Yagi , Toshiyasu Matsushima

The majority of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) are designed as converters of a continuous quantum random variable into a discrete classical random bit value. For the resulting random bit sequence to be minimally biased, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-25 Pavel Lougovski , Raphael Pooser

This paper deals with rate distortion or source coding with fidelity criterion, in measure spaces, for a class of source distributions. The class of source distributions is described by a relative entropy constraint set between the true and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-07 Farzad Rezaei , Charalambos D. Charalambous , Photios A. Stavrou

Locally decodable channel codes form a special class of error-correcting codes with the property that the decoder is able to reconstruct any bit of the input message from querying only a few bits of a noisy codeword. It is well known that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-28 Ali Makhdoumi , Shao-Lun Huang , Muriel Medard , Yury Polyanskiy

The transmission or storage of signals typically involves data compression. The final processing step in compression systems is generally an entropy coding stage, which converts symbols into a bit stream based on their probability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tilo Strutz , Roman Rischke

Post-processing of the raw bits produced by a true random number generator (TRNG) is always necessary when the entropy per bit is insufficient for security applications. In this paper, we derive a tight bound on the output min-entropy of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Miloš Grujić , Ingrid Verbauwhede

The random equivalent sampling (RES) is a well-known sampling technique that can be used to capture a high-speed repetitive waveform with low sampling rate. In this paper, the feasibility of spectrum-blind multiband signal reconstruction…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-01-10 Yijiu Zhao , Li Wang , Houjun Wang , Changjian Liu

We consider channel simulation protocols between two communicating parties, Alice and Bob. First, Alice receives a target distribution $Q$, unknown to Bob. Then, she employs a shared coding distribution $P$ to send the minimum amount of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Gergely Flamich , Lucas Theis

We argue that Non-sequential Recursive Pair Substitution (NSRPS) as suggested by Jim\'enez-Monta\~no and Ebeling can indeed be used as a basis for an optimal data compression algorithm. In particular, we prove for Markov sequences that…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Grassberger

We study variable-length feedback (VLF) codes over binary-input memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels using posterior matching with small-enough-difference (SED) partitioning. Prior analyses of SED-based schemes rely on bounded log-likelihood…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Recep Can Yavas

Channel simulation algorithms can efficiently encode random samples from a prescribed target distribution $Q$ and find applications in machine learning-based lossy data compression. However, algorithms that encode exact samples usually have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Gergely Flamich , Lennie Wells

We consider the task of deriving a key with high HILL entropy from an unpredictable source. Previous to this work, the only known way to transform unpredictability into a key that was $\eps$ indistinguishable from having min-entropy was via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-04-29 Maciej Skorski , Alexander Golovnev , Krzysztof Pietrzak

B. Schumacher and M. Westmoreland have established a quantum analog of a well-known classical information theory result on a role of relative entropy as a measure of non-optimality in (classical) data compression. In this paper, we provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-08 Alexei Kaltchenko

The number of random bits required to approximate a target distribution in terms of un-normalized informational divergence is considered. It is shown that for a variable-to-variable length encoder, this number is lower bounded by the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-02 Georg Böcherer , Rana Ali Amjad

The Compressive Sensing (CS) framework aims to ease the burden on analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) by reducing the sampling rate required to acquire and stably recover sparse signals. Practical ADCs not only sample but also quantize each…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Laurent Jacques , Jason N. Laska , Petros T. Boufounos , Richard G. Baraniuk

We present a one-shot method for compressing large labeled graphs called Random Edge Coding. When paired with a parameter-free model based on P\'olya's Urn, the worst-case computational and memory complexities scale quasi-linearly and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Daniel Severo , James Townsend , Ashish Khisti , Alireza Makhzani