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Despite the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) pretrained on vast knowledge corpora, advancing their knowledge manipulation-the ability to effectively recall, reason, and transfer relevant knowledge-remains challenging.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Qitan Lv , Tianyu Liu , Qiaosheng Zhang , Xingcheng Xu , Chaochao Lu

Understanding how large language models (LLMs) acquire, retain, and apply knowledge remains an open challenge. This paper introduces a novel framework, K-(CSA)^2, which categorizes LLM knowledge along two dimensions: correctness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yanbo Fang , Ruixiang Tang

Although large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in understanding Structured Knowledge (SK) like KG and Table, existing evaluations for SK understanding are non-rigorous (i.e., lacking evaluations of specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Zhiqiang Liu , Enpei Niu , Yin Hua , Mengshu Sun , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang

Assessing higher-order thinking skills in large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge, especially in tasks that go beyond surface-level accuracy. In this work, we propose THiNK (Testing Higher-order Notion of Knowledge), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongan Yu , Mengqian Wu , Yiran Lin , Nikki G. Lobczowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on many reasoning benchmarks, yet existing evaluations rarely assess their ability to distinguish between meaningful semantic relations and genuine unrelatedness. We introduce CORE (Comprehensive…

The growing complexity of construction management (CM) projects, coupled with challenges such as strict regulatory requirements and labor shortages, requires specialized analytical tools that streamline project workflow and enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ruoxin Xiong , Yanyu Wang , Suat Gunhan , Yimin Zhu , Charles Berryman

The scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has exposed a critical gap between their performance on static benchmarks and their fragility in dynamic, information-rich environments. While models excel at isolated tasks, the computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sai Teja Reddy Adapala

As Large Language Models (LLMs) rise in popularity, it is necessary to assess their capability in critically relevant domains. We present a comprehensive evaluation framework, grounded in science communication research, to assess LLM…

Large language models (LLMs) are playing an increasingly important role in scientific research, yet there remains a lack of comprehensive benchmarks to evaluate the breadth and depth of scientific knowledge embedded in these models. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Kehua Feng , Xinyi Shen , Weijie Wang , Xiang Zhuang , Yuqi Tang , Qiang Zhang , Keyan Ding

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capacities that mirror human-like thinking. However, whether LLMs possess genuine fluid intelligence (i.e., the ability to reason abstractly and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yue Yang , MingKang Chen , Qihua Liu , Mengkang Hu , Qiguang Chen , Gengrui Zhang , Shuyue Hu , Guangtao Zhai , Yu Qiao , Yu Wang , Wenqi Shao , Ping Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of general-domain tasks. However, their effectiveness in specialized fields, such as construction, remains underexplored. In this paper, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yanzhao Wu , Lufan Wang , Rui Liu

In this project, we test the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) on the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) dataset. This dataset serves as a representative benchmark for testing abstract reasoning abilities, requiring a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Liane Galanti , Ethan Baron

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

We present TuringQ, the first benchmark designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the theory of computation. TuringQ consists of 4,006 undergraduate and graduate-level question-answer pairs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Pardis Sadat Zahraei , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transformative not only for daily activities but also for engineering tasks. However, current evaluations of LLMs in engineering exhibit two critical shortcomings: (i) the reliance on simplified use cases,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Rene Heesch , Sebastian Eilermann , Alexander Windmann , Alexander Diedrich , Philipp Rosenthal , Oliver Niggemann

The rapid advancement of large language models presents significant opportunities for financial applications, yet systematic evaluation in specialized financial contexts remains limited. This study presents the first comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Xuan Yao , Qianteng Wang , Xinbo Liu , Ke-Wei Huang

Large language models have recently made tremendous progress in a variety of aspects, e.g., cross-task generalization, instruction following. Comprehensively evaluating the capability of large language models in multiple tasks is of great…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Chuang Liu , Renren Jin , Yuqi Ren , Linhao Yu , Tianyu Dong , Xiaohan Peng , Shuting Zhang , Jianxiang Peng , Peiyi Zhang , Qingqing Lyu , Xiaowen Su , Qun Liu , Deyi Xiong

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks by employing search-augmented reasoning to incorporate external knowledge into long chains of thought. However, we identify a critical yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Sangwon Yu , Ik-hwan Kim , Donghun Kang , Bongkyu Hwang , Junhwa Choi , Suk-hoon Jung , Seungki Hong , Taehee Lee , Sungroh Yoon

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) is transforming financial analytics by enabling natural language interfaces for reporting, decision support, and automated reasoning. However, limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan , Yichao Wu , Penghao Liang , Mengwei Yuan

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant general language understanding abilities. However, there has been a scarcity of attempts to assess the logical reasoning capacities of these LLMs, an essential facet of natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hanmeng liu , Zhiyang Teng , Ruoxi Ning , Yiran Ding , Xiulai Li , Xiaozhang Liu , Yue Zhang