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Traffic congestion remains a major challenge for urban transportation, leading to significant economic and environmental impacts. Traffic Signal Control (TSC) is one of the key measures to mitigate congestion, and recent studies have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hsiao-Chuan Chang , Sheng-You Huang , Yen-Chi Chen , I-Chen Wu

We study the Traffic Light Control (TLC) problem for a traffic network with multiple intersections in an artery, including the effect of transit delays for vehicles moving from one intersection to the next. The goal is to minimize the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Yingqing Chen , Christos G. Cassandras

The issue of traffic congestion poses a significant obstacle to the development of global cities. One promising solution to tackle this problem is intelligent traffic signal control (TSC). Recently, TSC strategies leveraging reinforcement…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yutian Zhang , Guohong Zheng , Zhiyuan Liu , Quan Li , Haipeng Zeng

We propose AttendLight, an end-to-end Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm for the problem of traffic signal control. Previous approaches for this problem have the shortcoming that they require training for each new intersection with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Afshin Oroojlooy , Mohammadreza Nazari , Davood Hajinezhad , Jorge Silva

We introduce Traffic-R1, a 3B-parameter foundation model with human-like reasoning for Traffic signal control (TSC), developed via self-exploration and iterative reinforcement of LLM with expert guidance in a simulated traffic environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xingchen Zou , Yuhao Yang , Zheng Chen , Xixuan Hao , Yiqi Chen , Chao Huang , Yuxuan Liang

Urban traffic is subject to disruptions that cause extended waiting time and safety issues at signalized intersections. While numerous studies have addressed the issue of intelligent traffic systems in the context of various disturbances,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Qinchen Yang , Zejun Xie , Hua Wei , Desheng Zhang , Yu Yang

In this paper, we conduct an emulation-guided study to systematically investigate the feasibility of Large language model (LLM)-driven congestion control. The exploration is structured into two phases. The first phase derisks the whole…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xiaoxuan Qin , Yufei Wang , Longfei Shangguan

Transparent decision-making is essential for traffic signal control (TSC) systems to earn public trust. However, traditional reinforcement learning-based TSC methods function as black boxes with limited interpretability. Although large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Darryl Jacob , Xinyu Liu , Muchao Ye , Xiaoyong Yuan , Pan He

Traffic Signal Control (TSC) involves a challenging trade-off: classic heuristics are efficient but oversimplified, while Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) achieves high performance yet suffers from poor generalization and opaque policies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ruibing Wang , Shuhan Guo , Zeen Li , Zhen Wang , Quanming Yao

Ineffective and inflexible traffic signal control at urban intersections can often lead to bottlenecks in traffic flows and cause congestion, delay, and environmental problems. How to manage traffic smartly by intelligent signal control is…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Mengyu Guo , Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Sid Askary

In the context of global urbanization and motorization, traffic congestion has become a significant issue, severely affecting the quality of life, environment, and economy. This paper puts forward a single-agent reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Qiang Li , Jin Niu , Qin Luo , Lina Yu

Adaptive traffic signal control (TSC) has demonstrated strong effectiveness in managing dynamic traffic flows. However, conventional methods often struggle when unforeseen traffic incidents occur (e.g., accidents and road maintenance),…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Shiqi Wei , Qiqing Wang , Kaidi Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for decision-making and planning in autonomous driving, showing promising reasoning capabilities and potential to generalize across diverse traffic situations. However, current LLM-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fabian Schmidt , Noushiq Mohammed Kayilan Abdul Nazar , Markus Enzweiler , Abhinav Valada

Large language models (LLMs) show strong potential for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), particularly in tasks requiring situational reasoning and multi-agent coordination. These capabilities make them well suited for cooperative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Abderrahmane Lakas , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Merouane Debbah

This paper develops a decentralized reinforcement learning (RL) scheme for multi-intersection adaptive traffic signal control (TSC), called "CVLight", that leverages data collected from connected vehicles (CVs). The state and reward design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Mobin Zhao , Wangzhi Li , Yongjie Fu , Kangrui Ruan , Xuan Di

Reinforcement learning (RL) is gaining popularity as an effective approach for traffic signal control (TSC) and is increasingly applied in this domain. However, most existing RL methodologies are confined to a single-stage TSC framework,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Liang Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Shubin Xie , Jianming Deng , Chen Li

Sub-optimal control policies in intersection traffic signal controllers (TSC) contribute to congestion and lead to negative effects on human health and the environment. Reinforcement learning (RL) for traffic signal control is a promising…

The heavy traffic congestion problem has always been a concern for modern cities. To alleviate traffic congestion, researchers use reinforcement learning (RL) to develop better traffic signal control (TSC) algorithms in recent years.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Chang Liu , Huichu Zhang , Weinan Zhang , Guanjie Zheng , Yong Yu

Efficient traffic signal control (TSC) has been one of the most useful ways for reducing urban road congestion. Key to the challenge of TSC includes 1) the essential of real-time signal decision, 2) the complexity in traffic dynamics, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Wanyuan Wang , Tianchi Qiao , Jinming Ma , Jiahui Jin , Zhibin Li , Weiwei Wu , Yichuan Jian

Effective traffic signal control (TSC) is crucial in mitigating urban congestion and reducing emissions. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been the research trend for TSC. However, existing RL algorithms face several real-world…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Mingyuan Li , Jiahao Wang , Bo Du , Jun Shen , Qiang Wu