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Related papers: LLM Reasoning as Trajectories: Step-Specific Repre…

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Reliable mathematical and scientific reasoning remains an open challenge for large vision-language models. Standard final-answer evaluation often masks reasoning errors, allowing silent failures to persist. To address this gap, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Shima Imani , Seungwhan Moon , Lambert Mathias , Lu Zhang , Babak Damavandi

Recent years have seen considerable advancements in multi-step reasoning with Large Language Models (LLMs). The previous studies have elucidated the merits of integrating feedback or search mechanisms during model inference to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Qianli Ma , Haotian Zhou , Tingkai Liu , Jianbo Yuan , Pengfei Liu , Yang You , Hongxia Yang

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly participate in morally sensitive decision-making, yet how they organize ethical frameworks across reasoning steps remains underexplored. We introduce \textit{moral reasoning trajectories}, sequences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Fan Huang , Haewoon Kwak , Jisun An

Understanding human instructions to identify the target objects is vital for perception systems. In recent years, the advancements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have introduced new possibilities for image segmentation. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Junchi Wang , Lei Ke

Predicting upcoming events is critical to our ability to interact with our environment. Transformer models, trained on next-word prediction, appear to construct representations of linguistic input that can support diverse downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Eghbal A. Hosseini , Evelina Fedorenko

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in structured reasoning and symbolic tasks, with coding emerging as a particularly successful application. This progress has naturally motivated efforts to extend these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Andrea Asperti , Alberto Naibo , Claudio Sacerdoti Coen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks in recent years, including machine translation, text generation, and question answering. As their applications extend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Xin Zhang , Yang Cao , Baoxing Wu , Xinyi Chen , Kai Song , Siying Li

The reasoning segmentation task, which demands a nuanced comprehension of intricate queries to accurately pinpoint object regions, is attracting increasing attention. However, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLM) often find it difficult…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Xiaoyi Bao , Siyang Sun , Shuailei Ma , Kecheng Zheng , Yuxin Guo , Guosheng Zhao , Yun Zheng , Xingang Wang

Large language models often reason beyond surface tokens, but the internal stage at which token-level information becomes abstract relational structure remains unclear. We investigate this question by analyzing how attention heads and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Junjie Zhang , Zhen Shen , Xisong Dong , Gang Xiong

Trajectory prediction serves as a critical functionality in autonomous driving, enabling the anticipation of future motion paths for traffic participants such as vehicles and pedestrians, which is essential for driving safety. Although…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Wei Dai , Shengen Wu , Wei Wu , Zhenhao Wang , Sisuo Lyu , Haicheng Liao , Limin Yu , Weiping Ding , Runwei Guan , Yutao Yue

Recent work has shown that language models (LMs) have strong multi-step (i.e., procedural) reasoning capabilities. However, it is unclear whether LMs perform these tasks by cheating with answers memorized from pretraining corpus, or, via a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yifan Hou , Jiaoda Li , Yu Fei , Alessandro Stolfo , Wangchunshu Zhou , Guangtao Zeng , Antoine Bosselut , Mrinmaya Sachan

Spatial information is often expressed using qualitative terms such as natural language expressions instead of coordinates; reasoning over such terms has several practical applications, such as bus routes planning. Representing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-05 George Baryannis , Ilias Tachmazidis , Sotiris Batsakis , Grigoris Antoniou , Mario Alviano , Timos Sellis , Pei-Wei Tsai

Scale does not uniformly improve reasoning - it restructures it. Analyzing 25,000+ chain-of-thought trajectories across four domains (Law, Science, Code, Math) and two scales (8B, 70B parameters), we discover that neural scaling laws…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Samuel Cyrenius Anderson

Large Language Models (LLMs) often rely on long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning to solve complex tasks. While effective, these trajectories are frequently inefficient, leading to high latency from excessive token generation, or unstable…

Self-correction in language models remains elusive. In this work, we explore whether language models can explicitly localize errors in incorrect reasoning, as a path toward building AI systems that can effectively correct themselves. We…

Large language models can exhibit emergent reasoning behaviors, often manifested as recurring lexical patterns (e.g., "wait," indicating verification). However, complex reasoning trajectories remain sparse in unconstrained sampling, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Po-Nien Kung , Zhen Yang , Jeffrey Luo , Cheng-Fu Yang , Haikang Deng , Zi-Yi Dou , Yinfei Yang , Nanyun Peng , Zhe Gan , Kai-Wei Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across diverse NLP applications, such as translation, text generation, and question answering. Nevertheless, they remain limited in complex settings that demand deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xin Zhang , Yang Cao , Baoxing Wu , Kai Song , Siying Li

Reasoning in large language models is predominantly evaluated through labeled benchmarks, conflating task performance with the quality of internal inference. Here we study reasoning as an intrinsic dynamical process by examining the…

While test-time reasoning enables language models (LMs) to tackle complex tasks, searching or planning in natural language can be slow, costly, and error-prone. But even when LMs struggle to emulate the precise reasoning steps needed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gabriel Grand , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Vikash K. Mansinghka , Alexander K. Lew , Jacob Andreas

Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process that enables logical inference, problem-solving, and decision-making. With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), reasoning has emerged as a key capability that distinguishes…