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Safeguarding vision-language models (VLMs) is a critical challenge, as existing methods often suffer from over-defense, which harms utility, or rely on shallow alignment, failing to detect complex threats that require deep reasoning. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Nanxi Li , Zhengyue Zhao , G. Edward Suh , Marco Pavone , Chaowei Xiao

While large vision-language-action (VLA) models and generative world models (WM) have advanced long-horizon embodied intelligence, their practical deployment remains challenged by uncertainty in learning-based action generation. Low-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhen Sun , Yongjian Guo , Haoran Sun , Luqiao Wang , Wei Lu , Jiachi Ji , Shengzhe Ji , Junwu Xiong , Zhijun Meng

World models (WMs) are intended to serve as internal simulators of the real world that enable agents to understand, anticipate, and act upon complex environments. Existing WM benchmarks remain narrowly focused on next-state prediction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 PAN Team , Qiyue Gao , Kun Zhou , Jiannan Xiang , Zihan Liu , Dequan Yang , Junrong Chen , Arif Ahmad , Cong Zeng , Ganesh Bannur , Xinqi Huang , Zheqi Liu , Yi Gu , Yichi Yang , Guangyi Liu , Zhiting Hu , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric Xing

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, but their deployment has exposed critical vulnerabilities, particularly to jailbreak attacks that circumvent safety alignments. Guardrails--external defense mechanisms that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xunguang Wang , Zhenlan Ji , Wenxuan Wang , Zongjie Li , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in multimodal reasoning and many real-world applications, such as visual question answering. However, LVLMs are highly vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Despite emerging efforts to enhance the safety of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), current approaches face two main shortcomings. 1) Existing safety-tuning datasets and benchmarks only partially consider how image-text interactions can yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youngwan Lee , Kangsan Kim , Kwanyong Park , Ilcahe Jung , Soojin Jang , Seanie Lee , Yong-Ju Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

We introduce multi-task Visuo-Tactile World Models (VT-WM), which capture the physics of contact through touch reasoning. By complementing vision with tactile sensing, VT-WM better understands robot-object interactions in contact-rich…

There has been an increasing interest in the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, the safety issues of their integration with a vision module, or vision language models (VLMs), remain relatively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xijia Tao , Shuai Zhong , Lei Li , Qi Liu , Lingpeng Kong

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across multimodal tasks, yet remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass built-in safety mechanisms to elicit restricted content generation. Existing black-box…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lei Jiang , Zixun Zhang , Zizhou Wang , Xiaobing Sun , Zhen Li , Liangli Zhen , Xiaohua Xu

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into robotic systems has revolutionised embodied artificial intelligence, enabling advanced decision-making and adaptability. However, ensuring reliability, encompassing both security against…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wenxiao Zhang , Xiangrui Kong , Conan Dewitt , Thomas Bräunl , Jin B. Hong

Robots in uncertain real-world environments must perform both goal-directed and exploratory actions. However, most deep learning-based control methods neglect exploration and struggle under uncertainty. To address this, we adopt deep active…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kentaro Fujii , Shingo Murata

Action-conditioned world models (ACWMs) have shown strong promise for video prediction and decision-making. However, existing benchmarks are largely restricted to egocentric navigation or narrow, task-specific robotics datasets, offering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haotian Xue , Yipu Chen , Liqian Ma , Zelin Zhao , Lama Moukheiber , Yuchen Zhu , Yongxin Chen

A key challenge to ensuring the rapid transition of robotic systems from the industrial sector to more ubiquitous applications is the development of algorithms that can guarantee safe operation while in close proximity to humans. Motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Zachary Brei , Jonathan Michaux , Bohao Zhang , Patrick Holmes , Ram Vasudevan

As large language models are integrated into autonomous robotic systems for task planning and control, compromised inputs or unsafe model outputs can propagate through the planning pipeline to physical-world consequences. Although prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Neha Nagaraja , Hayretdin Bahsi , Carlo R. da Cunha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have performed exceptionally in various text-generative tasks, including question answering, translation, code completion, etc. However, the over-assistance of LLMs has raised the challenge of "jailbreaking",…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Sibo Yi , Yule Liu , Zhen Sun , Tianshuo Cong , Xinlei He , Jiaxing Song , Ke Xu , Qi Li

Understanding the vulnerabilities of Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) to jailbreak attacks is essential for their responsible real-world deployment. Most previous work requires access to model gradients, or is based on human knowledge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ruoxi Cheng , Yizhong Ding , Shuirong Cao , Ranjie Duan , Xiaoshuang Jia , Shaowei Yuan , Simeng Qin , Zhiqiang Wang , Xiaojun Jia

Despite the outstanding performance of Large language Models (LLMs) in diverse tasks, they are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, wherein adversarial prompts are crafted to bypass their security mechanisms and elicit unexpected responses.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Zeqing He , Zhibo Wang , Zhixuan Chu , Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Qinglong Wang , Rui Zheng

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) has achieved remarkable success in robotics due to its high sample efficiency and planning capability. However, extending MBRL to physical multi-robot cooperation remains challenging due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zijie Zhao , Honglei Guo , Shengqian Chen , Kaixuan Xu , Bo Jiang , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao

Robotic imitation learning has achieved impressive success in learning complex manipulation behaviors from demonstrations. However, many existing robot learning methods do not explicitly account for the physical symmetries of robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zhiyuan Zhang , Aditya Mohan , Seungho Han , Wan Shou , Dongyi Wang , Yu She

Evaluating robot control policies is difficult: real-world testing is costly, and handcrafted simulators require manual effort to improve in realism and generality. We propose a world-model-based policy evaluation environment (WorldGym), an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Julian Quevedo , Ansh Kumar Sharma , Yixiang Sun , Varad Suryavanshi , Percy Liang , Sherry Yang