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Graph neural networks (GNNs) manifest pathologies including over-smoothing and limited discriminating power as a result of suboptimally expressive aggregating mechanisms. We herein present a unifying framework for stochastic aggregation…
We consider a general model of unitary parameter estimation in presence of Markovian noise, where the parameter to be estimated is associated with the Hamiltonian part of the dynamics. In absence of noise, unitary parameter can be estimated…
The empirical measure of an interacting particle system is a purely atomic random probability measure. In the limit as the number of particles grows to infinity, we show for McKean-Vlasov systems with common noise that this measure becomes…
The ultimate sensitivity of optical detection is limited by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The first part of the paper shows that coherence plays an important role in the noise analysis. Although interference between an auxiliary wave and…
The objective optimization of medical imaging systems requires full characterization of all sources of randomness in the measured data, which includes the variability within the ensemble of objects to-be-imaged. This can be accomplished by…
World Health Organization (WHO) provides the guideline for managing the Particulate Matter (PM) level because when the PM level is higher, it threats the human health. For managing PM level, the procedure for measuring PM value is needed…
We present numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations for a single-impurity Anderson model with a linear coupling to a local phonon mode. We calculate dynamical response functions, spectral densities, dynamic charge and spin…
Interactions between atoms and lasers provide the potential for unprecedented control of quantum states. Fulfilling this potential requires detailed knowledge of frequency noise in optical oscillators with state-of-the-art stability. We…
Quantum theory allows the traversing of multiple channels in a superposition of different orders. When the order in which the channels are traversed is controlled by an auxiliary quantum system, various unknown parameters of the channels…
Interferometers with atomic ensembles constitute an integral part of modern precision metrology. However, these interferometers are fundamentally restricted by the shot noise limit, which can only be overcome by creating quantum…
The sampling, quantization, and estimation of a bounded dynamic-range bandlimited signal affected by additive independent Gaussian noise is studied in this work. For bandlimited signals, the distortion due to additive independent Gaussian…
We study the possibility of detecting a signature of particle dark matter in the spectrum of gamma-ray photons from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) resulting from the scattering of high-energy particles in the AGN jet off of dark matter…
Understanding the limitations imposed by noise on current and next-generation quantum devices is a crucial step towards demonstrating practical quantum advantage. In this work, we investigate the accumulation of entropy density as a…
Quantum metrology employs quantum resources to enhance the measurement sensitivity beyond that can be achieved classically. While multi-photon entangled NOON states can in principle beat the shot-noise limit and reach the Heisenberg limit,…
Quantum noise sets a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of high-precision measurements. Suppressing it can be achieved by using non-classical states and quantum filters, which modify both the noise and signal response. We find a novel…
We consider the design of a linear sensing system with a fixed energy budget assuming that the sampling noise is the dominant noise source. The energy constraint implies that the signal energy per measurement decreases linearly with the…
The ubiquitous presence of shot noise sets a fundamental limit to the measurement precision in classical metrology. Recent advances in quantum devices and novel quantum algorithms utilizing interference effects are opening new routes for…
The sensitivity of an atom gradiometer aiming to detect gravitational waves (GW) is impacted by fluctuations of Earth's gravity field also called Newtonian Noise (NN). Sensor arrays have proved to be a promising technique for NN reduction.…
Group synchronization refers to estimating a collection of group elements from the noisy pairwise measurements. Such a nonconvex problem has received much attention from numerous scientific fields including computer vision, robotics, and…
Atom interferometers are promising tools for precision measurement with applications ranging from geophysical exploration to tests of the equivalence principle of general relativity, or the detection of gravitational waves. Their optimal…