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In this paper, we study efficient approximate sampling for probability distributions known up to normalization constants. We specifically focus on a problem class arising in Bayesian inference for large-scale inverse problems in science and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yifan Chen , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Jiaoyang Huang , Sebastian Reich , Andrew M. Stuart

Diffusion models have shown strong performances in solving inverse problems through posterior sampling while they suffer from errors during earlier steps. To mitigate this issue, several Decoupled Posterior Sampling methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zhi Qi , Shihong Yuan , Yulin Yuan , Linling Kuang , Yoshiyuki Kabashima , Xiangming Meng

Maximum entropy approach to classification is very well studied in applied statistics and machine learning and almost all the methods that exists in literature are discriminative in nature. In this paper, we introduce a maximum entropy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-31 Ambedkar Dukkipati , Gaurav Pandey , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar , Paramita Koley , D. M. V. Satya Sriram

Multivariate time-series (MTS) forecasting is fundamental to applications ranging from urban mobility and resource management to climate modeling. While recent generative models based on denoising diffusion have advanced state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Seyed Mohamad Moghadas , Bruno Cornelis , Adrian Munteanu

Multiscale spatial structure complicates temporal prediction because small-scale spatial fluctuations influence large-scale evolution, yet resolving all scales is often intractable. Standard diffusion models do not address this problem…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-02 Yuki Yasuda , Tobias Bischoff

Molecular generation conditioned on textual descriptions is a fundamental task in computational chemistry and drug discovery. Existing methods often struggle to simultaneously ensure high-quality, diverse generation and fast inference. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Md Atik Ahamed , Qiang Ye , Qiang Cheng

Learning to sample from intractable distributions over discrete sets without relying on corresponding training data is a central problem in a wide range of fields, including Combinatorial Optimization. Currently, popular deep learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Sebastian Sanokowski , Sepp Hochreiter , Sebastian Lehner

While diffusion distillation has enabled one-step generation through methods like Variational Score Distillation, adapting distilled models to emerging new controls -- such as novel structural constraints or latest user preferences --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yihong Luo , Tianyang Hu , Yifan Song , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Jing Tang

Iterative generative models such as Flow Matching and Diffusion models have demonstrated strong test-time scaling behavior, where additional inference computation can improve generation quality. In contrast, Drift Models offer efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Lin Zhao , Tianyang Wang , Ferdinando Fioretto , Yanning Shen

We provide a general framework for learning diffusion bridges that transport prior to target distributions. It includes existing diffusion models for generative modeling, but also underdamped versions with degenerate diffusion matrices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Denis Blessing , Julius Berner , Lorenz Richter , Gerhard Neumann

Forward-flux sampling (FFS) is a path sampling technique that has gained increased popularity in recent years, and has been used to compute rates of rare event phenomena such as crystallization, condensation, hydrophobic evaporation, DNA…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-01 Amir Haji-Akbari

Normalizing flows can generate complex target distributions and thus show promise in many applications in Bayesian statistics as an alternative or complement to MCMC for sampling posteriors. Since no data set from the target posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-19 Marylou Gabrié , Grant M. Rotskoff , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Energy-based models are popular in machine learning due to the elegance of their formulation and their relationship to statistical physics. Among these, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and its staple training algorithm contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-09 Daniel Jiwoong Im , Ethan Buchman , Graham W. Taylor

We construct an importance sampling method for computing statistics related to rare events for weakly interacting diffusions. Standard Monte Carlo methods behave exponentially poorly with the number of particles in the system for such…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-17 Zachary Bezemek , Max Heldman

Dynamical downscaling is crucial for deriving high-resolution meteorological fields from coarse-scale simulations, enabling detailed analysis for critical applications such as weather forecasting and renewable energy modeling. Generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Alessandro Brusaferri , Andrea Ballarino

Current discriminative depth estimation methods often produce blurry artifacts, while generative approaches suffer from slow sampling due to curvatures in the noise-to-depth transport. Our method addresses these challenges by framing depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Ulrich Prestel , Pingchuan Ma , Dmytro Kotovenko , Olga Grebenkova , Stefan Andreas Baumann , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

Sliced-Wasserstein Flow (SWF) is a promising approach to nonparametric generative modeling but has not been widely adopted due to its suboptimal generative quality and lack of conditional modeling capabilities. In this work, we make two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Chao Du , Tianbo Li , Tianyu Pang , Shuicheng Yan , Min Lin

We introduce $\texttt{PairFlow}$, a lightweight preprocessing step for training Discrete Flow Models (DFMs) to achieve few-step sampling without requiring a pretrained teacher. DFMs have recently emerged as a new class of generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mingue Park , Jisung Hwang , Seungwoo Yoo , Kyeongmin Yeo , Minhyuk Sung

Diffusion and flow-matching models achieve remarkable generative performance but at the cost of many sampling steps, this slows inference and limits applicability to time-critical tasks. The ReFlow procedure can accelerate sampling by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Beomsu Kim , Yu-Guan Hsieh , Michal Klein , Marco Cuturi , Jong Chul Ye , Bahjat Kawar , James Thornton

Diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional performances in various fields of generative modeling, but suffer from slow sampling speed due to their iterative nature. While this issue is being addressed in continuous domains, discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Satoshi Hayakawa , Yuhta Takida , Masaaki Imaizumi , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji